Wake up（95）

 

Chapter 18

 

95

 

In a blink of an eye, time flies like lightning, and the indelible past is like a gust of wind, blowing away kindness and resentment. When He Jiafu deeply felt that the ruthless years passed by and youth was no longer, he burst out from the bottom of his heart. , full of unspeakable words of some vicissitudes.

Youth is like a nightmare, which is best understood by those who have experienced anti-revolutionary, anti-rightist and cultural revolutions; The ruthless old man Shi Shi is like a gust of cold wind, blowing away the freshness of all things, but He Jiafu still has to support time on crutches to walk with Shi Shi. When a person grows old, there is nothing to regret.

He Jiafu talked about Lao Mao's "Ten Years Summary" in 1960 to his grandson Nan Shanyun.

The consequences of the party-wide struggle against Right opportunists in 1960 were extremely serious. The country has experienced the greatest economic difficulties since the founding of the People's Republic of China. This period lasted for three years. Setbacks and failures have educated the whole party and Mao Zedong. He thought about it day and night, and when he looked back, he made the "Ten Years Summary". He admitted that in 1958 "a lot of troubles occurred", the establishment of the People's Commune was one, and the establishment of steel and iron was another. He said, "Before August last year, the main energy was focused on the revolution. I was a layman in construction, and I didn't know anything about industrial planning... In 1958 and 1959, the main responsibility was on me, and I should be blamed." "I should apologize". Despite this, however, the aftershocks on Mount Lu and Lao Mao's anger did not go away.

On August 1, 1959, at the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, Zhu De made a speech, which was relatively mild. Mao Zedong thought he hadn't hit the nail on the head, so he made a gesture, and Zhu De stopped talking. However, Lin Biao's speech was different. He cursed Peng Dehuai as an ambitious, conspirator, and hypocrite. His speech was praised by Mao Zedong.

In September 1959, Mao Zedong wrote to the editorial department of "Poetry Magazine": "The small group of opportunists who hang the signboard of 'communism' in the country just picked up a few trivial pieces as a banner, and moved towards the general line of the party. Attack on Yuejin People's Commune". "The reactionaries all over the world have been cursing us since last year. I think it's very good. The more they curse, the happier I am. Let them curse for half a century! Then we will see who wins and loses." ? These two poems of mine are also answers to those bastards." He cursed heavily. The two poems are "To Shaoshan" and "Climbing Lushan".

On September 9, 1959, Peng Dehuai wrote another letter to Chairman Mao Zedong. Mr. Peng said, "I request the central government to consider it. After the enlarged meeting of the Military Commission is over, please allow me to study or leave Beijing to go to the People's Commune. Please consider expressing whether it is appropriate to participate in part of the labor so as to be tempered and ideologically remolded in the collective life of the working people."

Immediately after receiving Mr. Peng's letter, Mao Zedong said: "I warmly welcome this letter from Comrade Peng Dehuai." "Comrade Peng Dehuai's suggestion on the distribution of work in the future, I think it is basically appropriate. It is very good to study for a few years. I am too old to participate in manual labor. I have a period of time every year to go to factories and rural areas for observation. And investigation and research work is very good. The central government will discuss this matter with Comrade Dehuai and make an appropriate decision.”

On November 27, 1959, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved the "Criteria and Handling Measures for Classifying Right Opportunism" by the General Political Department of the Central Military Commission, and forwarded this document for implementation throughout the country. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved and forwarded the study outline of the General Political Department on "Struggle to Defend the Party's General Line and Oppose Right Opportunism". Raise the anti-"right deviation" to the height of defending the Party Central Committee and defending Chairman Mao. It provided the theoretical basis and public opinion momentum for the emergence of the personality cult of Comrade Mao Zedong in the whole party in the 1960s. During this period, some senior cadres in the party were labeled as "right opportunists". For example, Zhang Kaifan, Secretary of the Anhui Provincial Party Committee Secretariat, is one. Chen Yi, head of the Culture Department of the General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army, is also one. Although Chairman Mao Zedong began to "think about his mistakes", he did not make any concessions on the issue of opposing "Right opportunism".

Economic difficulties continued to proliferate. Mao Zedong was not pessimistic, but still full of confidence. He said, "It is impossible not to make mistakes. As Lenin said, there has never been a person who does not make mistakes." He summed up the lessons of the previous 10 years, resulting in a series of new policies after 1960 in terms of politics, economy, military affairs, and cultural thought.

On August 10, 1960, Chairman Mao Zedong reviewed and issued the instructions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the whole party's efforts to develop agriculture and grain. On November 3, 1960, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formulated the "Emergency Instructions on Current Policy Issues Concerning Rural People's Commune" with a total of 12 items. It is the basic system of the people's communes at this stage to clarify the three-level ownership and the team as the foundation. Resolutely oppose one level and two adjustments. Strengthen the basic ownership system of the production brigade, and insist on the small-scale ownership system of the production team. Members are allowed to operate a small amount of private plots and small-scale household sidelines. Deduct more points for less, and try our best to increase the income of 90% of the members. Adhere to the principle of distribution according to work according to each ability. Restore the rural market and activate the rural economy. Mobilize the masses to rectify the society. etc.

On December 3, 1960, the central government issued the "Emergency Instructions on Baosteel Issues", with the aim of completing the task of 18 million tons of steel.

He Jiafu said to Nan Shanyun: That Han Suo told me that the "three red flags" and three years of economic difficulties were new situations and problems encountered for the first time in the history of Chairman Mao Zedong's life and the history of the Communist Party of China. Now, looking back at this period of history, the most important and most valuable experience is that Comrade Mao Zedong and other leaders of the central government carried forward the spirit of sharing weal and woe with the people and working hard, thus gaining great strength, overcoming all difficulties and winning . When the people of all ethnic groups across the country were facing enormous difficulties, they did not blindly blame the central leaders for their mistakes in their work, let alone launch troubles. Instead, they united and moved forward courageously.

He Jiafu stopped talking.

The best thing is that after time has passed, your cherished old people, old things and even old feelings are still there; something that can last must have weight, and it must stand the repeated washing and washing of time. But going around in a turbulent life, the things I experienced are like nightmares. In addition to natural disasters and man-made disasters, hunger and fear are always by my side, and the original sufferings are buried in my heart. As a grassroots living at the bottom , what else is there to say.