Wake up（83）

 

83

 

Whenever he was alone, Li Tiandao drank tea and smoked a cigarette, recalling his past experience, from suppressing counterrevolutionaries, land reform, anti-rightism, the Great Famine, to anti-imperialist and anti-revisionism and the Cultural Revolution.

Li Tiandao thought he had an unforgettable memory, but he didn't know that others had already forgotten it. His memories are like taking out old clothes from the bottom of the press box, which needs to be taken out to dry from time to time. In fact, inadvertent memories are always so painful, too painful to touch.

Reminiscing about the Cultural Revolution and talking about Sino-Soviet relations are often treated only as a background, while ignoring it as the most important factor in the origin of the Cultural Revolution.

During the "Cold War" of nearly three decades, "anti-Soviet" was a key word in Western political correctness, and it was a major crime in China's anti-rightist movement in 1957. However, when the Cultural Revolution broke out in 1966, it was already a revolutionary slogan that resounded through the sky. It just changed one word and called it "anti-revisionism", which means opposing modern Soviet revisionism.

The so-called "May 16 Notice" is a programmatic document of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, the gist of which is to declare "Who is our enemy?"

Mao Zedong himself added a paragraph to the notice:

  "It is necessary to criticize representatives of the bourgeoisie who have sneaked into the party, the government, the army, and all walks of life in the cultural field. These people must be purged, and some of them must be transferred. ... They are a group of counter-revolutionary revisionists. When they are mature, they will seize power and change from the dictatorship of the proletariat to the dictatorship of the bourgeoisie. Some of these characters have been seen through by us, and some have not yet been seen through. Some are being trusted by us and are being cultivated as our successors. People like Khrushchev, they are sleeping beside us now."

These words are murderous. It is usually interpreted as: the heart of defeating Liu Shaoqi is ready to come out. But what has been overlooked is that Lao Mao named Khrushchev and included it as a counter-revolutionary revisionist figure, and Hearst was a well-known leader of the Soviet Communist Party. Although he stepped down in 1964, his line continued. It shows that the background for launching the Cultural Revolution was that Sino-Soviet relations were already in a state of hostility, that is, the continuation of the "Nine Commentaries" that declared war on the Soviet revisionists two years ago. The guns are pointed at the revised Soviet Communist Party, and the domestic capitalist roaders are just a derivative of this opposition to modern revisionism. Therefore, at the beginning of the Cultural Revolution, Khrushchev, big and small, were arrested across the country, and "Soviet revisionism" and "imperialist revisionism" were demonized everywhere. This is the memory of everyone in the country. The Soviet Union has changed from a lofty "big brother" to the number one enemy, and China and the Soviet Union have become irreconcilable—this is a major signal sent by the May 16 Notice.

What is revisionism? In the 143 years since Marx and Engels published the "Communist Manifesto" in 1848 to the end of the Soviet Union's disintegration in 1991, the biggest twist in the international communist movement was the revision of Marx's violent revolution during the "Second International" period. .Including Engels, they believed that the working class could take power through the parliamentary road to realize socialism. Because the Social Democratic Party of the German working class was the largest party in parliament at that time, workers not only had the right to vote, but also could buy stocks. Later Lenin used violence After Russia seized power, it vigorously attacked revisionism as a betrayal of the revolution. Mao Zedong, who believed in giving power out of the barrel of a gun, naturally became a believer in Lenin. Mao’s favorite reading was Lenin’s emphasis on proletarian revolution that must smash the bourgeois state machine. and Revolution.” After World War II, the CPSU gradually returned to revisionism, and when it criticized the violent line, it had conflicts and conflicts with Lao Mao.

The International Communist Movement originated from the labor movement arising from the development of capitalism in Europe and the United States. It regards the Communist Party as the "vanguard of the proletariat" and extremely depreciates the peasants. Therefore, when Sun Yat-sen went to Brussels in 1905 to apply for the "Xingzhonghui" to join the Second International, he was rejected on the grounds that China's small peasant country was too backward and did not have the conditions for social revolution. When Lenin vigorously exported revolutions to the East in 1919, the CCP was unearthed and became a branch of the Communist International, receiving instructions from the International Central Committee, continuous funding and guidance from international personnel. However, the CCP has always had a gap between the Communist International and the center of power in Moscow, especially in Stalin's mind. Stalin believed that the biggest weakness of the CCP was the Peasant Party, not the Workers' Party. Mao Zedong was said to be a "margarine-style" communist, so that when Lao Mao first visited Moscow in 1949, he was called "Mr." instead of comrade. Lao Mao also felt distrust of Moscow for a long time, and Stalin looked down on him.

Therefore, in the process of Lao Mao's attainment of the leadership position in the party, he has been accompanied by struggles with the "international faction", that is, the pro-Soviet faction. The Communist International trusted revolutionaries such as Wang Ming, Bogu, Zhang Wentian, and Zhou Enlai who stayed in Russia, and it was not the turn of Lao Mao, the "king of the mountain." Although Lao Mao defeated Chiang Kai-shek and went on a pilgrimage to Moscow in 1949, Stalin comforted him that "the victor is not condemned." However, this fundamental difference between the two parties of China and the Soviet Union not only did not disappear, but, after Lao Mao became the overlord of the East, it turned into a fierce confrontation.

Times have changed long ago, but some of us still cling to the memories. Time will slowly settle. No matter how deep and painful the memory is, there will be a day when it will be forgotten. At least among young people in China today, no one will talk about or study these past histories. Even people who have experienced that era basically have their memories of that period deleted in seconds.