Wake up（81）

 

Chapter 15 Anti-revision

 

81

 

In the world, people often count the memories of the past, but they will keep the pain in the deepest part of their hearts. Our past, those memories that cannot go back, many people have long forgotten. After all, we can't fight against time, and later we only feel sentimental in our memories. If you give up, you won't keep it, and if your heart hurts, you can't remember it anymore.

In fact, falling into the painful struggle of memories, there is no one to rely on, no one to accompany you. But Li Dao still silently counted the memories of the past, and these memories hurt his heart again. Because his memory has continued from anti-rightist to anti-revisionist.

Due to the highly centralized and de facto imperial dictatorship, after 1949 and after successive political campaigns, at least 500,000 intellectuals were labeled as rightists until 1957, and the whole people were "silenced", blocking all channels of speech. While blocking the sources of information for the masses, the rulers also block their own sources of information, making it difficult to hear the real situation, let alone criticism of wrong policies, making it difficult for the highly monopolized totalitarian system to have the ability to correct errors. The biggest advantage of a democratic system is that it has an error correction mechanism and a supervisory force. As Amartya Sen, a Nobel laureate in economics, said: "An important fact in the history of human hunger is that no major famine occurred A democratic government and a country with a free press." Therefore, such as the great famine in Ukraine in the Soviet Union, the great famine caused by the Great Leap Forward in China, and the long and long famine in North Korea that lasted for many years have never happened in democratic countries, including very poor people like India There has never been a sustained and large-scale famine in a large country that starved to death on a large scale.

In 1957, the anti-rightists who transformed from "helping the rectification movement" to overthrowing the seal of heaven and Peng Dehuai's criticism of the Great Leap in 1959 were the typical manifestations of crossing rivers and demolishing bridges, dismantling mills and killing donkeys, and engaging in hooligan politics, and directly led to the Great Leap. Leaping forward with fierce winds, demons dancing wildly, and constantly escalating hazards have not only caused super-large-scale starvation, but also caused large-scale and deep-seated damage to social ethics, moral consciousness, traditional culture, and ecological environment.

After the catastrophe of the "Great Leap Forward", because there was no serious liquidation, Lao Mao had no regrets for the catastrophe that starved to death of tens of millions of people. Xiaofu-style characters" pursued the responsibility of killing people on a large scale and starved to death, so that after the most tragic incident of abnormal death occurred, the responsibility was first shifted to "natural disasters" and lower-level cadres, and then class struggle was raised The big banner, threatening the scourge of the Great Leap Forward and the misconduct of grassroots cadres is "democratic revolution is not complete", "destroyed by bad people" or "restoration of capitalism", and "democratic revolution remedial lessons" must be carried out to find a scapegoat for the famine; , a large number of "dark wind", "reversal of the verdict", and "independent style" criticized Liu and Deng's "Three Self-One Guarantees" and "Four Freedoms" to alleviate the famine and get out of the predicament, and took turns to attack.

Li Tiandao talked about an amazing thing: On July 26, 1960, under the iron-gray palace wall outside the north gate of Zhongnanhai, a young woman in blue overalls held a cardboard card in each hand and a cardboard card in each hand. It said "Destroy the People's Commune! The People's Commune starved to death my uncle's family of six!" Another one said "Down with Lao Mao! Long live Peng Dehuai!"

The young woman was quickly carried into Zhongnanhai by the plainclothes guards outside the palace wall like a chicken. The woman is from Hengyang, Hunan, and her name is Liu Guiyang. When asked, "Since you are a poor farmer, and you are a worker and a member of the Communist Youth League, why did you go to the door of the Party Central Committee and the State Council to do such a lifeless counter-revolutionary activity?" , the shackles are still rolling and struggling on the ground, crying with tears:

"Comrade, God! You live in Beijing, sitting in the middle, you don't know if you are hungry when you are full! You don't know that commune members eat wild vegetables, leaves, and Guanyin soil... Even cats and dogs in the countryside are starving to death. The house was wiped out. All six of my uncle’s family starved to death... I had no parents since I was a child. My uncle and aunt raised me and sent me to junior high school. In 1956, I entered a power plant as an apprentice. I haven’t returned to my hometown for three years... In May this year, I asked for leave to visit relatives , I went back to my hometown to visit my uncles, aunts, brothers and sisters, I didn’t expect that they all got edema, and they died after eating Guanyin soil... In my hometown, more than 30 people died of starvation... I found a cousin, two cousins, They are not dead yet, they just snuggle by the firepit, breathing heavily. My uncle told me that my uncle’s family of six was dragged out and buried by him, each with a handful of thatch.

There is not even a mat for wrapping the corpse... My uncle is in rags and rags. He talks to me, but he just squats on the ground and cannot get up. My two cousins also squat on the ground and cannot get up. The uncle said, sister, you have to eat Yes, just leave a little, the family of three can't move, and we don't even have the strength to dig the Guanyin soil on the mountain... We can't go out, there is nothing to cover our nakedness, (woo woo woo)... I brought back four packs of expensive biscuits, so I had to I gave it to my uncle and cousin. They took the biscuits and ate them desperately in front of me. They ate four packs of biscuits, weighing six catties in total, and they ate them all in one sitting... watering them while eating. Early the next morning, I went to say goodbye. What do you think? The uncle and the two cousins were hungry and fed and watered for a long time, and they were all bloated to death! (Woooooo) What a crime I have committed! I cried and shouted, and became a murderer... When I returned to the factory, the radio shouted three red flags every day, and the situation was good. I dare not say anything. If I say anything, I will be counter-revolutionary. (Wooooow) I know who the murderer is. With the Great Leap Forward, the establishment of people's communes, and eating in public canteens, more than 30 people in our village starved to death. There are more old people and children waiting to die... (Woooooooooo) I, a descendant of a poor and hired farmer, can't figure it out! A member of the Communist Youth League can't figure it out! A female power plant worker can't figure it out! I just came to Beijing to shout slogans, I want to overthrow the people's communes! I want to overthrow Chairman Mao! I want to shout Long Live Peng Dehuai! Long live! "

For such a major "counter-revolutionary case", the left-behind personnel of the Central General Office did not dare to delay, so they copied the confession clearly, sent it to Beidaihe as an urgent document, and reported it to the Secretariat of the Central Committee. Approve the next line: "It's tragic, the disaster in Hunan is relatively light, what about other provinces and regions? This document will be printed and distributed by the meeting briefing team."

In the first half of 1960, during the worst period of starvation in the Great Famine, the number of hungry souls in the land of China increased sharply, ghosts cried and wolves howled, and Mao was still calling for "continue to leap forward." The crying of this Hunan hot girl was like a blow to the head, which shocked the top leaders of the CCP. I wonder if it shocked the hard-hearted Emperor Mao?

Hunger, desolation, desolation, and the social and economic situation on the verge of collapse finally forced Lao Mao to let go of his face, and began to make concessions from the second half of 1960, agreeing to the "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment, and reform" proposed by Li Fuchun and Zhou Enlai. The eight-character policy of "improving" is actually a policy of "adjustment". It temporarily agreed with Liu Shaoqi and others to stop the Great Leap Forward and disband public canteens, return farmers' private property, allow land contracting, and return to normal as soon as possible. , the number of starvation deaths has been greatly reduced, and the national situation has gradually improved.

By the beginning of 1962, Lao Mao believed that "concessions" were enough, so he convened a meeting of 7,000 people attended by all cadres above the county party committee, and proposed to restart the Great Leap Forward and greatly increase the amount of procurement, which caused widespread dissatisfaction and bitterness among the participants. Reflecting a large number of appalling and alarming disasters, Lao Mao had to give up his "Great Leap Forward" proposition and continue to reduce grain purchases. For several years, the Great Leap Forward, in which tens of millions of people were starved, beaten to death, and forced to death, began to end. Except for Li Jingquan’s stubborn persistence in understanding the holy will, which caused Sichuan to still starve to death in 1962, the whole country as a whole walked out of the Great Leap Forward relatively quickly. Made hell.