Wake up（59）

 

59

 

This summer is extremely hot. Veteran Chinese doctor Chai Jianhua sat under the air conditioner and read the booklet "The Great Catastrophe of Life" in his hand. He wanted to distract himself from his irritability, but his mood became even more chaotic.

The summer night is always decorated with charming colors, and the stars in the sky are deep but romantic. The moon in the night sky shone brightly in the darkness with its own light. Looking at the starry sky, Chai Jianhua brought himself back to the era of the Lushan Conference and the Great Leap Forward.

Old people will never forget the Lushan Conference and the criticism of Peng Dehuai. In fact, the consequences of the Mao-Peng dispute brought great disaster to China. Especially from the autumn of 1959 to the spring of 1960, after the Lushan Conference that focused on cracking down on Peng Dehuai and other upright party members, the "anti-rightist" anti-concealment of property and private distribution was carried out, which directly led to mass starvation of peasants. Bloody violent campaign.

Originated from smashing pots and cutting down trees to make steel, bragging about high-yield satellites, hundreds of millions of farmers repairing water conservancy, and a group of superstitious and superstitious savages who swept away science, causing tragic damage and a large reduction in grain production. If the high-volume procurement and external grain transfer cannot be completed, the farmers are blamed for "hiding the production and dividing privately" and refusing to pay the grain.

This is also the only time in the 27 years of Lao Mao's reign that he stepped up to the fore and personally focused on economic work in the Great Leap Forward. Following his promise, he focused on communalization, large-scale steelmaking, large-scale water conservancy, high-yield satellites, and public canteens. After the great pioneering work, in order to plunder more grains when the cowhide is broken and embarrassing, to prove the correctness of the general line, the Great Leap Forward, the "Three Red Flags" of the People's Commune, the unquestionable greatness of the emperor, and to meet the needs of large-scale exports. Pay attention to and personally supervise a "face defense battle".

Although everyone knows that the "high-yield satellites" are forced out by zooming in from top to bottom, and the "bumpy harvest" of grain in various places is also forced out, but the high-yield procurement based on the high-yield falsely reported by the localities is unequivocal. It is extremely difficult to obtain high-quality goods without actual production. Lao Mao accused farmers of privately storing grain, "eating radish sprouts during the day and rice at night"; He personally drafted the central document on "Anti-Concealment of Concealment and Private Distribution of Property", and ordered "Marx and Qin Shihuang to be combined" and "If things can't be adjusted, they must be forced to order." He also sarcastically ridiculed "thanks to the hundreds of millions of farmers for concealing their property and dividing their property privately, and for resolutely resisting";

In fact, the life of farmers at that time was declining at an accelerated rate of one day equals twenty years. It was illegal to cook for individuals, and only the big pot of clear soup in public cafeterias could save their lives. The terrified cadres at all levels dare not tell the truth. Under the pressure from the top to the bottom, there were "forced food associations" everywhere in the countryside all over the country. It is a frenzied and violent campaign of digging the ground to find food, tying, tying, beating, and hanging farmers at will, and forcibly taking food from the mouths of hungry people by naked torture.

In order to force food, Huang Xiulian, director of the Women's Federation of Fanghu Commune in Xixian County, Henan Province, cut off the ears of four members and killed one. Guangshan County used the penalty of freezing to force farmers to hand over their grain, and 13 orphans from Huaishudian Commune were driven to the mountains to freeze to death. At the forced food meeting held by the Huangchuan County Party Committee, Liang Dezhu, the first secretary of the County Party Committee, beat people himself. One person who was beaten died on the spot, and more than a dozen died on the way home. Li Shengrong, secretary of the Longyang Commune in Tongwei County, Gansu Province, beat 53 people and beat 12 people to death. In Yingjing County, Sichuan Province, armed militiamen with live ammunition were mobilized to search for food from house to house. Some women were hung up, took off their trousers and beat their lower bodies, and some were beaten to death.

Just as a veteran cadre in Xinyang area recalled: "If you don't beat someone, others will beat you... If you don't beat someone, you are a rightist, and someone will beat you immediately." Pengxin Commune in Luoshan County has 17 probationary party members, 16 Those who beat someone during the anti-concealment of property rights were honorably converted to regular positions, and only one was not allowed to become a full-time member because he did not beat anyone.

The "anti-concealment of property" was the most violent and brutal scene in the Great Leap Forward. From the autumn and winter of 1959 to the spring of 1960, the time span was about half a year. It was the period when the most starved and killed people were the most concentrated during the Great Famine. Some historians call it the "Famine broke out", and more than half (about 60-70%) of the tens of millions of starving people across the country died in this six months.

In 1960, after the appalling "Xinyang Incident" was exposed, Li Li, secretary of the Henan Provincial Party Committee Secretariat, reported to Wu Zhipu, the first secretary of the Provincial Party Committee and Henan Zuo Wang, that Huaidian, Guangshan County In the commune, 3,528 people were beaten, including 231 cadres who were suspected of concealing property or right-leaning cadres. 558 people were killed on the spot, 636 people died after the beating, 141 people were disabled, and 14 people were forced to death. In addition to ordinary punching, kicking, binding and hanging, other methods of beating include pulling hair, cutting ears, piercing hands with bamboo sticks, brushing teeth with pine needles, lighting sky lanterns, stuffing mouths with charcoal, burning teats, plucking pubic hair, poking vaginas, etc. Burial alive and other dozens of torture methods.

According to the report of the Supervisory Committee of the Xinyang Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China: Liu Wencai, secretary of the Guangshan County Party Committee Secretariat, went to Huaidian Commune to host the "anti-concealment of production" campaign, tortured more than 40 farmers in succession, and killed 4 people. Among the first-level cadres of the Guangshan County Commune, 93% personally presided over and beat people. A party committee member of the Hushan Commune personally tortured 92 farmers and killed 4 of them. Chen Xiaojia and his son Chen Guihou, members of the Chenwan Squad in Guangshan County, were hanged from the beams of the cafeteria and beaten mercilessly because they could not hand over the food. They were then thrown outside the door and drenched in cold water. Xu Chuanzheng, a member of the Xiongwan team, was falsely accused of "failure to hand in food", hanged on the beam of the cafeteria and brutally beaten to death. All six members of Xu's family starved to death afterward; Yu Laifeng, his daughter, was brutally beaten to death; Zhang Zhiying, a member of the Xuwan team, was unable to hand over the food, so she died on the spot after being beaten severely and then drenched in cold water. Zhang’s three children also starved to death one after another; There were 45 people, 44 people died, and an old lady in her 60s was left crazy. Yang Chunshan, a member of the Malu Production Team of Wuji Brigade in Taolin Commune, Huangchuan County, was afraid that his son would be left alone after his death, so he threw two three- and four-year-old children into a pit and drowned himself.

According to Yu Dehong, secretary of Zhang Shufan, deputy secretary of the Xinyang Prefectural Committee and commissioner of the Administrative Office: So many people died of starvation in Guangshan County, and the dead bodies were not disposed of in winter. Food was distributed until the Spring Festival. They were all deformed, and it was impossible to tell who was who. They were dragged into an earthen well and buried collectively. Usually, more than 100 people were buried in one earthen well.

Cadres at all levels cruelly and unconscionably murdered farmers in order to complete impossible high-level requisitions (some purchases were even higher than the total output, and it was not enough for farmers to hand in all the seeds without food) or external grain transfers. Fear and self-preservation of property and life, as well as the loss of humanity and extreme cruelty caused by the massacre movement.