Wake up（62）

 

62

 

The summer sun is like a big furnace, scorching the earth so hot that even the air is hot, and people sweat all over when they move. The sun is so poisonous that the sweat is rolling down. The scorching sun is in the sky, and the sun is rampant almost every day.   

For some reason, the memories of the Great Leap Forward always give Chai Jianhua a dreamy and dreamlike feeling, special and familiar...but always his heartbreak and pain.   

Among the painful memories, he remembered some rightists with whom he had come into contact. .

Intellectuals across the country, typically rightists, had an extremely miserable fate during the "Great Leap Forward". According to the writings of the famous "May 7th Warrior" Tie Liu, etc., the notorious labor camps such as Xingkai Lake Farm in Heilongjiang, Qinghe Farm in Beijing, Qinghai Lake Farm, Shaping Farm in Sichuan, and Jiabiangou Farm in Gansu have all become rightists who suffered shockingly. A tortured death camp. In a coal mine reform-through-labor brigade located in Jinzhou, Liaoning, 1,200 inmates were almost wiped out during the famine. Of the more than 4,000 people who died in the Qinghai labor camp famine, more than 3,000 were rightists, of whom more than 1,000 were women. On April 15, 1958, the "415 Labor Reform and Road Construction Detachment" of the Sichuan Provincial Public Security Bureau, which was formed mainly by rightists, was disbanded before the Cultural Revolution due to starvation, exhaustion, work-related injuries, suicides, executions, sentences, and escapes. At that time, there were more than 5,000 people in the team, and only 2,000 people returned to society.

During the Great Leap Forward period, more than half of the more than 200 rightists who were "reformed" at the Wanshengshan Forest Farm in Henan were starved to death, beaten to death, tortured to death, or committed suicide. On a snowy night in the winter of 1959, Xu Lanyu, the captain of the forest farm infrastructure, ordered the rightists to carry wood down the mountain overnight, forcing each person to go back and forth three times (more than 50 kilometers of mountain road). eating), there were 17 rightists who fell to death, froze to death, or drowned themselves that night.

Dr. Dong Shiguang, who scolded the United States for sending troops to North Korea in the United States, returned to China in 1955 full of patriotism. During the "helping the party to rectify the movement", he was labeled as an extreme rightist and sent to labor reform for giving opinions to the party committee of Southwest Normal University where he taught. In 1960, during his hard labor, he went to pick up undigested beans from horse manure to eat because of extreme hunger. He was accused of stealing horse food and was beaten to death.

During the Great Famine, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council successively issued the "Instructions on Stopping the Blind Outflow of Rural Population", "Instructions on Stopping the Flow of Rural Labor Force", "Urgent Notice on Stopping the Blind Outflow of Rural Labor Force" and so on. With the powerful sword to strictly control the "blind flow", officials big and small everywhere are even more confident. According to Yang Jisheng, an investigator of the Great Famine, the Xinyang Post Office alone was ordered to withhold more than 12,000 letters asking for help; the Guangshan County Post Office found an anonymous letter sent to Beijing, which reflected the situation of starving people, and the Public Security Bureau went all out to trace the letter. The person who wrote this letter; 20 of the 23 party members of a party branch starved to death, and the remaining 3 party members wrote blood letters to the Henan Provincial Party Committee for help.

According to Liang Zhiyuan’s recollection in Bo County, Anhui Province, the county did not allow hungry people to go out to beg for food, and the county, communes, and brigades set up “dissuading stations” to prevent hungry people from going out to escape the famine. The dissuading stations are dotted all over the village, at the intersection, at the station, and at the wharf, there are people standing guard at the dissuading stations, and there are also mobile sentries. Discourage personnel from interrogating, searching, detaining, beating, tying up, and imprisoning passers-by and farmers trying to go out. All food brought by pedestrians in the past will be confiscated, even green vegetables are also banned. Liu Chunhua, Chengguan Township, Qin’an County, Gansu recalled that her house was confiscated in 1958 and her family was swept out. In 1961, when she was less than 14 years old, she was forcibly married as a daughter-in-law by the captain of the brigade, and her father stopped fighting.

And begging in nearby villages.

Chai Jianhua wandered to Xinyang at that time. Xinyang is located on the Beijing-Guangzhou line, the main railway artery. In order to prevent hungry people from fleeing famine or going out to leak news, the two railway stations in the north and south of Xinyang are strictly guarded. The four gates of each county are guarded with guns. There are also special requirements for drivers to block the "blind flow"; the communes sent militiamen to set up checkpoints at the village head, and if they found someone going out, they would take away their belongings, torture them, take them in forcibly, and detain them in reform through labor...Xinyang City set up hundreds of A shelter station has successively intercepted 190,000 outflow personnel, resulting in a large number of deaths of the shelter personnel. Huangchuan County set up 67 shelters, housing 9,330 fugitives, all of whom were interrogated, beaten, starved, and forced to work, resulting in 2,195 deaths and disabilities. Among them, the Yangzhai Brigade of Baique Commune in Guangshan County organized 10 basic militiamen to intercept the fleeing people. From November 1959 to the spring of 1960, they beat more than 40 commune members, 12 of whom were killed, and 195 were stripped of their clothes. Dai Yunxia, Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Chengguan Commune in Shangcheng County, and Zhang Qingshan, Director of the Welfare Factory, mainly set up the shelter. There are stripping halls and Luohun halls inside. Those who were about to die were carried to the Luohun hall for freezing and starvation, and they used carp to buckle their gills, pigs to gnaw their hooves, ducks to float in the water, and large needles to kill the masses. During the period, more than 2,900 people were housed and more than 120 people died.

In June 1960, Li Xiannian went to the Xinyang area, where he had fought for many years, to investigate in the Hubei, Henan and Anhui bases. He saw many villages with collapsed houses and corpses everywhere. Facing the devastated old revolutionary base area, he was infinitely sentimental and shed tears many times.

Chai Jianhua did not go to Xinyang later, but he learned from a message on the Internet: In 2004, Wu Yongkuan, a survivor of the Guangshan Great Famine, who starved, beat, and forced 250,000 people to death, erected a monument at his own expense in the village, recording the "anti-concealment of property" After the farmers were cornered, more than 70 people starved to death in his small village (production team) of 120 people in the early winter of 1959. He engraved the names of the 73 victims in his village on the monument, with explanations attached, and it became the only monument in the country where tens of millions of victims died of hunger.

The summer was so hot that the little bird hid somewhere, the plants and trees bowed their heads, and the puppy was so hot that it stuck out its tongue and panted non-stop. Only Cicada could not stop making irritating calls on the branches. The blue sky was cloudless, the scorching sun was scorching the earth, the water in the river was hot to the touch, and the soil in the field was smoking. Chai Jianhua's heart seemed to explode at the slightest spark.