Liberate yourself Chapter 42

                                                                    1

 

Ada is a colleague of my elder brother, my brother is a carpenter, he is a blacksmith. One big brother and one brother are partners and often go to the house to repair the house. Big Brother is responsible for repairing doors and windows, and Ada is responsible for repairing sewers.

Ada's father was born in Pingdu City, Shandong Province, China. His father is an elementary school teacher and his mother is a devout Christian. Ada was paralyzed when she was young. At that time, the famous Christian missionary Song Shangjie came to Pingdu, Shandong. After praying for the paralyzed Ada, he was able to stand and walk.

After graduating from elementary school in his hometown, Ada went to Shanghai with his parents. Because he came from Shandong, the children in Shanghai called him "Little Shandong".

Ada's father is a professor of foreign languages ​​at Shanghai Aurora University. Although he was very willing to dedicate all his strength to the construction of New China, it was only that the Communist Party would not give him this opportunity after the country was liberated.

Ada’s father met Luo Zhufeng, director of the Shanghai Office of Religious Affairs, while teaching at Aurora University. At that time, Luo Zhufeng was in charge of Shanghai's "Three Self Patriotic Movement." In July 1955, the anti-war movement began. On July 11, the official journal of the "Selfwind" of the Sanzi Committee published an editorial "Strengthening Unity and Discriminating from Right to Right", saying that Beijing Mingist Hutong Christian Church's director Wang Mingdao opposed the "Sanqi Movement" was sinner". The Chinese people, the church's "sinners, historical sinners", soon the Beijing Public Security Bureau announced that it had cracked the case of Wang Mingdao's counter-revolutionary clique. Later, the person in charge of Sanzi revealed that the editorial came from Luo Zhufeng, director of the Shanghai Office of Religious Affairs.

On September 8, 1955 and January 29, 1956, the Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau successively cracked down on Catholics and local church members who opposed the Sanzi Movement, the Gong Pinmei counterrevolutionary group case and the Ni Yunsheng case, respectively. The church leader was arrested in the counterrevolutionary group case.

On the afternoon of January 29, 1956, the Shanghai Office of Religious Affairs held three meetings of the Standing Committee of the National Autonomous Government at the Cultural Club. Until midnight, Luo Zhufeng, director of the Office of Religious Affairs, announced that Wang Peizhen, Li Yuanru, Zhang Yuzhi, and Lan Zhiyi had been arrested. All three members of the Standing Committee applauded warmly and thanked the government for eliminating the Christian community.

 

2

 

In the case of Gong Pinmei's counter-revolutionary group, the teaching called the 98th teaching difficulty, that is, the teaching difficulty in Shanghai.

Gong Pinmei was born on August 2, 1901, in Gongjiatang, near the Church of Our Lady of Lourdes, Tang Tomb Bridge, Chuansha County, Shanghai.

Gong Pinmei used to go to the Virgin Mary's statue when she was a child and liked to sing "Faith is always preserved".

On May 28, 1930, Gong Pinmei was appointed as a priest in Punan in Shanghai. In 1937, after the August 13th incident, Japan invaded Shanghai. At that time, except for the French Concession, Public Concession, and Xujiahui Church District, they were under the control of Japanese soldiers. Father Gong was very good in French, and the main baptist was Saint Ignatius, so he was close. The Jesuits, then the deans and professors of Aurora University were French Jesuits. The diocesan leader appointed Father Gong as the teaching director of the Affiliated High School of Shanghai Aurora University. In order to cultivate the vocation, Gong Pinmei added Latin tutoring classes and cultivated many vocations and many excellent students. Cardinal Chen Rijun of the Hong Kong Diocese is one of the excellent vocations.

The Chinese government is determined to suppress the Shanghai diocese led by Bishop Gong Pinmei who does not cooperate with it. After careful preparation, on the evening of September 8, 1955, a large-scale search operation was conducted to remove Bishop Gong Pinmei, Jin Luxian, Zhang Xibin, Zhu Hongsheng, Fan Zhongliang, etc. More than 30 priests and members of the church, a total of 183 people were arrested and put in prison. Alleged evidence of crimes such as a newspaper machine and a pistol were found in the Bishop’s House of St. Joseph’s Church on the South of Sichuan Road in Sichuan, and then an exhibition of incriminations was held to organize followers’ visits and a condemnation conference.

On March 17, 1960, Gong Pinmei's counter-revolutionary group case was held for public trial in the Shanghai Intermediate People's Court. The first criminal Gong Pinmei was accused of engaging in counter-revolutionary activities, sentenced to life imprisonment, and deprived of political rights for life.

When Gong Pinmei was President of Aurora University, Ada’s father was a professor of foreign languages ​​at Shanghai Aurora University. Under the guidance of Luo Zhufeng, Ada’s father changed from a devout Christian to an atheist and joined the Communist Party. Therefore, he was not implicated in the case of Gong Pinmei's counterrevolutionary group.

 

3

 

At that time, the views of the Communist Party of China on religion were divided into two groups: the South and the North. The front of the South was Luo Zhufeng, which advocated unity and use. The front of the North was Ren Jiyu, which was harmful and useless.

In 1956, Luo Zhufeng was instructed to establish the Shanghai Federation of Philosophy and Social Sciences, the Shanghai Institute of History and the Institute of Economics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Zhou Enlai gave him permission to study the so-called "imperialist history of using Christianity to invade China." Ada’s father was invited to actively participate in the research.

In 1962, Luo Zhufeng was criticized for publishing a short article entitled "Miscellaneous Family". In 1963, Ke Qingshi and Zhang Chunqiao criticized Luo Zhufeng at the Shanghai Ideological Work Conference. It was during this time that Ada’s father was gradually deprived of his right to speak and left the teaching post.

But his treatment is still very good, he has cadre subsidy coupons, you can buy some pastries, you can buy some food at a high price. In the early 1960s, during three years of natural disasters, everything was provided by ticket, and food was supplied quantitatively, which was not easy to buy.

When Ada’s father was shocked, Ada left his parents and lived in the cottage along the street at the corner of Changle Road, Chengdu South Road, Shanghai.

Perhaps it is a common destiny. Big Brother and Big Brother are good friends. They often chat together and smoke and drink together.

Da Ge and Da Da sometimes took me to "Chaoyang Dim Sum" for dinner. I still remember the red bean soup and meat buns at the dim sum shop. That red bean soup, big meat buns, and particularly delicious pig ears, in that hungry era, it was so delicious that I have never forgotten it.

 

4

 

Da Da is hooked on playing chess. He first watched the old people in the alley play chess, and later played chess with my elder brother. Playing chess is a brainstorming game, always thinking of using a conspiracy to kill opponents, even a soldier will not let go.

My elder brother is a kind and honest person, absolutely can't think of any ghost ideas to kill each other's generals and horses and cannons, of course, only admit defeat.

When I was watching chess, I saw Ada’s conspiracy, and I would tell my big brother to be careful, and sometimes help him play chess. The situation will also change.

Ada was very unhappy and challenged me to play chess with me. At first he beat me. But, I soon learned his routine, and he couldn't win me. When I asked him to play chess again, he often refused. I think he is a man who refuses to accept defeat. How could he lose face in front of me?

But I often see Ada using old metal fuel tanks to make funnels and dustpans. I also learned to cut the iron sheet and pick it up. This manual work has become my current iron handcraft art skill.

The most impressive thing. Big Brother later became a mechanic, and the head of the unit asked him to make a special metal funnel, which was used as a mechanical device for cement mixing. The bottom of the metal funnel is rectangular, but the upper mouth is square. Both Big Brother and Big University had dropped out of school early, without the design and computing power in this area. Big Brother asked me to help me calculate. I made a small rectangular frame with thin iron wires, and made a large square frame with thin iron wires. I connected the diagonals of the rectangular and square wire frames with four wires. Enlarge the three-dimensional bevel to calculate the upper and lower lengths of the metal cut and the length of the oblique line.

Big Brother and Big Da finally completed the production of the metal funnel according to my design and calculation method. Since then, Ada has taken a special eye on me.

 

5

 

My big brother and Ada still have a partner. His name is Xiaobai. He is a plasterer. He is a child and he is only 2 years older than me.

Xiaobai is an orphan.

In June 1950, after the Central People's Government promulgated the Land Reform Law of the People's Republic of China, Gong Pinmei threatened peasants to "not recognize the ownership of the land" and "not to participate in the struggle of landlords." Gong Pinmei convened 100 clerics from the three parishes of Shanghai, Suzhou and Haimen three times to meet in the Dongjiadu Catholic Church in Shanghai, planning to fight against land reform, and widely spreading it among Catholics in Shanghai and Chuansha, Nanhui, Songjiang, Qibao and other places , To force followers to comply. After the outbreak of the Korean War, Gong Pinmei said that China's anti-American aid to North Korea was an "unjust war" and prevented young students from joining the army. There are also openly spreading hopes of the invasion of North Korea by US and Chinese clerics to come to Shanghai and relieve the "overhanging suffering."

Xiaobai's father is a Christian believer, accused of participating in Gong Pinmei's reactionary religious activities, and was killed in the movement. His mother also committed suicide.

After the death of Xiaobai's parents, a Mandarin teacher Bai Zhongbai adopted him. Bai Zhongbai was a teacher of Xiaobai's father, and he was a very learned man.

Bai Zhongbai can write beautiful brush words and recite Tang poetry. Bai Zhongbai's education on Xiaobai can be said to be irrigated with painstaking effort, although sometimes it is a bit rough, but also because of the love and the deep responsibility. In the course of this education, Xiaobai and Bai Zhongbai also have conflicts from time to time, and they inevitably collide and offend, but this process continues until Bai Zhongbai's death. So when I think of these things, Xiao Bai shed tears.

During his lifetime, Bai Zhongbai, like his parents, hoped that Xiaobai would go to a good school. Several times Sanfan took him to an excellent elementary school in Shanghai for an interview. Perhaps Xiao Bai was not smart enough, but the bigger reason was that his parents were involved in the case of Gong Pinmei's counter-revolutionary group, and the regular school did not admit him.

 

6

 

Xiaobai's primary school was spent in private primary schools. After Xiaobai went to elementary school, Bai Zhongbai asked him to recite Tang poetry, and regularly checked a few days later. Sometimes he was also told about the meaning of poetry, mainly based on understanding and recitation, and did not talk about how to write poetry.

Bai Zhongbai also asked Xiaobai to write three large letters a day, and one small letter to write brush. After tracing a red model, I started to post. The big letters are the European style, and the Yan style.

After Bai Zhongbai's death, Xiaobai lost his life and lost school. With the help of the residents' committee, Xiaobai, 2 years older than me, became a plasterer and lived in the dormitory of the unit.

My mother saw that Xiao Bai was very pitiful, so he let him often come to my house to play, and saved some delicious food for him.

Xiaobai prefers Lin European style calligraphy and likes that kind of strong and handsome. He won the first place in the primary school writing brush competition. Xiaobai also taught me how to write brush characters, and I began to use brushstrokes, but I didn't care what to do. As a result, writing was a mess.

 

7

 

    Xiaobai often borrows books from me to study. He told me that Bai Zhongbai did not agree to buy books. He always said: "If you buy a book, you usually don't pay much attention to it. The borrowed book must be read and returned." But there are also some books in Bai Zhongbai's family, which are filled with bookcases. . After Bai Zhongbai died, the book was gone.

In the third grade of Xiaobai Primary School, Bai Zhongbai showed him the classic Chinese classic "Three Hundred Tang Poems". At that time, Xiaobai didn't understand much. Bai Zhongbai asked him to look up the dictionary himself.

At present, my reading is mainly about fairy tales and short stories. When I encounter a new word, I will not solve it, I just understand it. Xiaobai gave me his dictionary.

At that time, I often went to children's book stalls to rent children's books. Xiaobai knew that I love reading the villain's books, so he took me to Mr. Kong's house in Hunan Road. Mr. Kong is a good friend of Bai Zhongbai's life. Mr. Kong's family has many children's books, and the neat codes are placed on many rows of bookshelves in the house. The house is full of bookshelves, large, and rows of children's books. Mr. Kong bought these little children's books to his only daughter.

    Later, when Xiaobai took me to Mr. Kong's house again, many villains disappeared. Mr. Kong sighed and said to me and Xiaobai: "That is something that propagates feudalism, capitalism, revisionism, and the Communist Party is not allowed to read these books."

 

 

解放自己 第四十二章

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阿大是我大阿哥的同事，我大阿哥是木匠，他是铁皮匠。阿大和我大阿哥是个搭挡，常一起去居民家修理住宅。大阿哥负责修理门窗，阿大修理下水管道。

阿大的父亲出生于中国山东省平度市，他的父亲是一个小学教员，母亲是一位虔诚的基督徒，阿大年幼时曾瘫痪。当时著名基督教布道家宋尚节来到山东平度，为瘫痪多年的阿大按手抹油祷告后，他能起立行走了。

阿大在家乡小学毕业后，随父母一起到了上海。因为他是山东人，所以，上海的孩子们都叫他“小山东”。

阿大的父亲是上海震旦大学的外语教授，虽然他是很愿意为新中国的建设奉献自己全部力量的，只是全国解放后党不给他这个机会了。

阿大的父亲在上海震旦大学任教时，认识了上海市宗教事务处处长罗竹风。当时，罗竹风负责上海的“三自爱国运动”。1955年7月，肃反运动开始。7月11日，三自委员会的官方刊物《天风》周刊发表社论《加强团结，明辨是非》，称反对三自运动的北京史家胡同基督徒会堂负责人王明道是“中国人民的罪人，教会的罪人，历史的罪人”，不久北京市公安局宣布破获了王明道反革命集团案。后来，三自负责人透露这篇社论出自上海市宗教事务处处长罗竹风之手。

在1955年9月8日和1956年1月29日，上海市公安局接连将反对三自运动的天主教和地方教会人士作为龚品梅反革命集团案和倪柝声反革命集团案进行大规模镇压，教会领袖被逮捕，并进行控诉斗争。1956年1月29日当天自下午起，上海市宗教事务处将全国三自全体常委召集在文化俱乐部召开座谈会，直到午夜，宗教事务处处长罗竹风宣布汪佩真、李渊如、张愚之、蓝志一已经被捕，于是全体三自常委热烈鼓掌，表示感谢政府为基督教界除害。

 

2

 

龚品梅反革命集团案，教内称九八教难，即上海教难。

龚品梅于1901年8月2日，出生于上海教区川沙县唐墓桥露德圣母堂附近龚家塘。

龚品梅幼年时常往圣母像前喜欢唱“信德常常保存”，跪念玫瑰经，奉献自己要做神父。

1930年5月28日，龚品梅在上海晋铎，委派到浦南任本堂司铎。1937年，八一三事件后，日本侵入上海，那时除法租界，公共租界，徐家汇教堂区外，都在日兵控制下，龚神父法语很好，领洗主保是圣依纳爵，因此亲近耶稣会，那时震旦大学院长、教授、都是法籍耶稣会士。教区领导委派龚神父任上海震旦大学附中教导主任，龚品梅为了要栽培圣召，增设了拉丁文补习班，栽培出了不少圣召，不少优秀修生。香港教区陈日君枢机主教，就是优秀圣召中的一个。

中国政府决心镇压不与其合作的由龚品梅主教领导的上海教区，在精心的预备之后，于1955年9月8日晚，采取大规模搜捕行动，将龚品梅主教，金鲁贤、张希斌、朱洪声、范忠良等30多名神父，以及教友，共183人逮捕入狱。据称在四川南路的洋泾浜圣若瑟堂主教府内发现了发报机、手枪等罪证，随后举办罪证展览会，组织信徒参观，然后进行声讨大会。

1960年3月17日，龚品梅反革命集团案在上海市中级人民法院进行公审。首犯龚品梅被指控从事反革命活动，判处无期徒刑，剥夺政治权利终身。

龚品梅任震旦大学院长时，阿大的父亲是上海震旦大学的外语教授。在罗竹风的开导下，阿大的父亲从一个虔诚的基督徒，已变成了一个无神论者，还加入了共产党。因此没有受到龚品梅反革命集团案牵连。

 

3

 

当时，中共党内对宗教的看法分为南北两派，南派的前台是罗竹风，主张团结使用；北派的前台是任继愈，认为有害无益。

1956年，罗竹风奉命筹建上海哲学社会科学学会联合会、中国科学院上海历史研究所和经济研究所，周恩来并授意他负责研究所谓“帝国主义利用基督教侵华史”课题。阿大的父亲受邀也积极参与了课题研究。

1962年，罗竹风因发表一篇题为《杂家》的短文，受到批判。1963年，柯庆施、张春桥在上海市思想工作会议上，对罗竹风进行了专场批判。也就是在这段时间里，阿大的父亲逐步被剥夺了发言权，离开了教学岗位。

但他的待遇还很好，他有干部补贴优待券，可以买一些糕点，也可以高价买一些食品。上世纪60年代初，也就是三年自然灾害期间，什么都凭票供应，吃的东西定量供应，不好买到。

阿大的父亲受到冲击时，阿大就离开父母，居住在上海成都南路长乐路转角的那间沿街小屋。

也许是共同的命运，大阿哥和阿大是好朋友，他们常在一起聊天，也常在一起抽烟喝酒。

大阿哥和阿大有时也带我去“朝阳点心店”吃饭。我还记得那时点心店的赤豆汤，肉馒头。那红红的赤豆汤，大大的肉馒头，还有特别好吃的猪耳朵，在那个饥饿的年代里，真是美味无比，让我至今难忘。

 

4

 

阿大迷上了下象棋。他先是看弄堂里的老人们下象棋，后来就和我大阿哥下象棋。下象棋可是个动坏脑筋的游戏，总在考虑用阴谋去杀死对手，连一兵一卒也不会放过。

我大阿哥是个善良老实的人，绝对想不出任何鬼点子去杀死对方的将相和车马炮，当然只有认输。

我在观棋时，看出了阿大的阴谋，我就会告诉我的大阿哥要当心，有时干脆帮助他下棋子。局势也会发生变化。

阿大很不高兴，就向我挑战，就要和我下一盘象棋。开始他赢过我。但，我很快就知道了他的套路，他就赢不了我了。我再找他下棋，他就经常拒绝了。我想，他是个不服输的人，怎么可能在我面前丢了面子呢？

但我常看到阿大动手用旧铁皮油箱制作漏斗、簸箕等。我也学会了剪铁皮和铁皮接鏠等。这一手工活，已成了我如今的铁皮手工艺术技能。

印象最深的事。大阿哥后来成了机修工，单位领导要他制作一个特殊的铁皮漏斗，这是用作水泥搅拌的机械设备。这个铁皮漏斗底部是长方形的，上口却是方形的。大阿哥和阿大都早早失学了，没有这方面的设计和计算能力。大阿哥就请我帮忙测算。我用细铁丝做了一个长方形的小框架，再用细铁丝做了一个正方形的大框架，我将四根铁丝分别将长方形和正方形的铁丝框架的对角作了连接。放大这个立体斜面就能算出铁皮剪裁的上下各自长度和斜线长度了。

大阿哥和阿大终于按照我的设计和计算方法，完成了铁皮漏斗的制作。从此，阿大对我也就特别刮目相看了。

 

5

 

我大阿哥和阿大还有个搭挡，他叫小白，是个泥水匠，他还是个孩子，比我才大2岁。

小白是个孤儿。

1950年6月，中央人民政府颁布《中华人民共和国土地改革法》后，龚品梅威胁农民教徒“不得承认分得土地所有权”，“不得参加斗争地主”。龚品梅3次召集上海、苏州、海门3个教区的100名神职人员在上海董家渡天主教堂开会，策划对抗土地改革，并在上海市区和川沙、南汇、松江、七宝等地天主教徒中广泛传达，强迫教徒遵照执行。朝鲜战争暴发后，龚品梅说中国抗美援朝是“不正义的战争”，阻挠青年学生参军。还在中外籍神职人员中公然散布希望侵朝美军打来上海，解除“倒悬之苦”。

小白的父亲是个基督教信徒，被指控参与了龚品梅的反动宗教活动，在运动中被打死了。他的母亲也自杀了。

小白父母死后，一个国语老师白钟柏收养了他。白钟柏曾是小白父亲的老师，是个很有学问的人。

白钟柏能写一手好看的毛笔字，还能背诵唐诗。白钟柏对小白的教育，可以说是以心血来浇灌的，虽然有时有些粗暴，可也是因为爱之切，责之深。在这个教育的过程中，小白和白钟柏也时有冲突，不免顶撞、冒犯，但这个过程一直持续到白钟柏临终前。所以一想起这些事来，小白就泪流不止。

白钟柏生前也和当今的家长一样，希望小白上个好学校。几次三番带他去上海的优秀小学去面试，也许是小白不够聪明，但更大的原因却是因为他的父母被卷入了龚品梅反革命集团案，正规学校没有录取他。

 

6

 

小白的小学时代是民办小学度过的。小白上了小学后，白钟柏让他背唐诗，几天后定期检查。有时也给他讲讲诗的意思，是以理解背诵为主，并没有讲如何作诗，大概觉得小白还小。

白钟柏还让小白每天大字三篇，小字一篇的写毛笔字。描了一段红模子之后，开始临帖。大字临的是欧体，也临过颜体。

白钟柏死后，小白没有了生活依靠，也就失了学。在居民委员会的帮助下，比我年长2 岁的小白就当了泥水匠，住在单位的宿舍里。

我的母亲看到小白很可怜，也就让他经常到我家来玩，也省下一些好吃的食物特意留给他。

小白比较喜欢临欧体书法，喜欢那种刚劲俊逸。他在小学写毛笔字比赛中得了第一名。小白也教我学写毛笔字，我就开始挥笔习书，但从不管什么体不体。结果写字就一塌糊涂了。

 

7

 

    小白常向我借书看。他告诉我，白钟柏不赞成买书，他总说：“书要是买回来，往往就不抓紧看。而借来的书就要抓紧看完还回去。”但白钟柏家中也有一些书，装满了书柜。白钟柏死后，这些书也不见了。

小白在读小学三年级时，白钟柏就让他看中国古典名著《唐诗三百首》。那时小白有很多字还不认识，白钟柏就让他自己查字典。

此时我的阅读，以童话和短篇小说为主，遇到生字一越而过，并不求解，意会而已。小白就将他的那本字典送给了我。

那时，我经常到小人儿书摊租小人儿书看，要是租回家看，两分钱一本，还要点押金。小白知道我爱看小人儿书，就带我去湖南路的孔先生家中去。孔先生是白钟柏生前的好朋友。孔先生家里有非常多的小人儿书，整齐的码放在一间房子的许多排书架上，这间房子里全是书架，很高大，一排排列队排放着很多的小人书。这些小人儿书是孔先生买给自己的独生女儿的。

    后来，小白再带我去孔先生家时，那许多小人儿书不见踪影。孔先生叹了口气对我和小白说：“那是封资修的东西，不可以再看了。”

 

Liberate yourself Chapter 41

 

1

 

In my childhood, what I hated most was the anti-right struggle that destroyed thousands of intellectuals. My father was a revolutionary hero. After being transferred from the army to the local area, he was inexplicably turned into a "rightist". Like my father, there were many other celebrities, even innocent teenagers, who were labeled "rightists."

My father was framed by the so-called "conspiracy under the sun". When I was 8 years old, my father was detained at a labor reform farm in Baimaoling, Anhui, and then assigned to a brick kiln factory in Hefei. Father broke his leg during work. As a result, my brother went to Hefei and he visited his father on behalf of his mother. This is the first time a mother's attitude towards her father has changed since her mother was forced to divorce her.

My brother returned to Shanghai from Hefei. To tell him about his meeting with his father, my brother and I climbed from the tiger window in the attic to the roof. We sat on the ridge of the roof, and the big brother was still holding our little girl. That day, stars were already visible in the black sky.

Big Brother is back. I really want to know, where is Anhui? Where is Hefei? What happened to my father.

My brother said he asked many people. Anhui is not far from Shanghai. Hefei is the capital and largest city of Anhui Province.

In my boyhood, what I hated most was the anti-right struggle that destroyed thousands of intellectuals. My father was a revolutionary hero, and after being transferred from the army to the local area, he was inexplicably beaten to the right. Many other celebrities , even innocent teenagers, were also offended by my father.

His father was framed in the so-called "Yangmou". When I was 8 years old, my father was detained at the labor reform farm in Baimaoling, Anhui, and then assigned to a brick kiln factory in Hefei. Father's leg broke during labor . As a result, my elder brother went to Hefei, and he visited his father on behalf of his mother. This is the first time her mother's attitude towards her father has changed since her mother was forced to divorce her.

My big brother returned to Shanghai from Hefei. To tell him about his meeting with my father, I and the big brother climbed from the small attic's tiger window to the roof. We sat on the roof ridge, and the big brother still held me Little girl. That day, the stars were already visible in the black sky.

Big Brother is back. I really want to know, where is Anhui? Where is Hefei? What happened to my father.

My brother said that he had asked many people. Anhui is not far from Shanghai. Hefei is the capital of Anhui and a big city.

 

2

 

My brother only said that Hefei is far away and Anhui is very poor.

It was after I grew up that I learned: Hefei is named after the confluence of Dongfeihe River and Nanfeihe River. It is famous for its "Huai right throat, Jiangnan lip tooth", "Three Kingdoms old land, and hometown of Bao Zheng". The name of Hefei first appeared in the "Historical Records and Biography of Commodities" by the great writer and historian Sima Qian: "Hefei is affected by the north and south tide, and leather, abalone, and wood losers also."

As early as the turn of the Qin and Han Dynasties, Hefei officially established "Hefei County", which belongs to Jiujiang County. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Xiusheng and Hefei became the Hou Kingdom, and in the Three Kingdoms they were the Yangzhou government. During the Three Kingdoms, the battle of Xiaoyaojin, where Zhang Liao defeated Sun Quan's 100,000 army, took place there.

It is said that the site of Hefei City has changed frequently. "Taiping Huan Yu Ji" records: Hefei County in the Han Dynasty was "in the north of this county (city)". In the late years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the war continued, and Hefei became a ruin. In the five years of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (200 AD), Liu Fu, a priest in Yangzhou, went to work to rebuild Hefei City. In the first year of Wei Qinglong (AD 233), Wei Jiangman will build another "Hefei New City" in the foothills of the West Jiming Mountain in the old city to form a corner with the old city. After the reunification of the Western Jin Dynasty, a new city was built when the Three Kingdoms were abolished and moved back to the old site.

The old city of Hefei has a low-lying terrain. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Liang Ruiwei Wei Rui broke through Hefei. During Tang Zhenguan's years (627-649 AD), General Chi Jingde rebuilt Tucheng in the southeast highlands of the old city, known as Tangcheng in history. In the first year of Tang Zhen (AD 785-804), "Shishi Road should be built with the ancient city built in earth, and it should be special." As a result, Hefei began to have brick walls.

In the five years of the Southern Song Dynasty (AD 1169), Huaixi Marshal Guo Zhentun was stationed in Hefei to build the Douliang City to defend the Golden Soldiers from invading Hefei. Douliang City "crosses half of the old city" and crosses the Jindou Hebei, making the Jindou River traverse the city, basically forming the original appearance of the ancient city of Hefei today. The entry of Jindou River into the city promoted the prosperity of Hefei city. Jiaqing's "Luzhou Mansion" contains: "After the river entered the city, and the benefits of the people were very weak. The grain came in and out, the bamboo and wood dwelled, and the boat passed the county bridge or the county office. Department store , Thousands of scales, shops on both sides of the strait, commercial merchants. Because of its unblocked atmosphere, people’s hearts are happy, and those who are superiors of the ruler, the masters of the gentry, as many as the top two lists, the thickness of the earth, the folk customs Alcohol, it's in the other county."

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the ancient city of Hefei collapsed. In the matter, Ma Shide asked Wang and Gao Changgong to be publicized and paid 100,000 yuan in public and private money to renovate the city.

During the period of Mingzhi Hongzhi, the ancient city of Hefei was out of repair for many years, and many were abandoned. The repair was conducted by Ma Jindu, the prefect of Luzhou. According to the "Hefei County Chronicle" in Jiaqing, this ancient city of Hefei is 4706 feet (26 miles) long; the walls on the west and southwest sides are bordered by the ridge, with a height of 2.4 feet; the walls of the east, south, and north are flat and have a height of 2.8 feet. 3 feet wide; bottom width nearly 4.8 feet. There were 4,578 battlements and 28 watchtowers. The moat in the east of the city is 1.9 feet deep and 42 feet wide; the west in the city is 2.5 feet deep and 29.5 feet wide; the south of the city is 2.3 feet deep and 30 feet wide; the north of the city is 0.8 feet deep and 35 feet wide. The river flows around the city.

In the 28th year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1763 AD), the Qing government rebuilt the Luzhou prefecture to prevent peasant uprisings. In this rebuilding, the city walls are all made of large blue bricks, and the seven gates of mighty, Shiyong, Nanxun, Desheng, Xiping, Shuixi, and Gongchen are reopened, and many Qiaolou buildings have been added. , You can see the tall tower.

There were many cities in Qin and Han Dynasties in China. Among all metropolises, in addition to Changan, the capital of the Western Han Dynasty, there are five major capitals of Luoyang, Chengdu, Handan, Linzi and Wan, which were called "Five Capitals" at that time. Except for Changan, Luoyang, Linzi, Handan, Wancheng, and Chengdu, which are the six national metropolises, there are 18 cities in each region,

 

3

 

My big brother is not interested in the geographical history of Hefei.

Our three brothers and sisters were sitting on the blue tiles on their roof. Big Brother told us the story of Bao Gong, especially the legend of raccoon cat changing prince.

My brother told me that this story was told by his father when he was in Hefei. The elder brother said that Bao Zheng was Bao Gong, also known as Bao Qingtian. Bao Gong is from Hefei. He avenged the people, punished the powerful, and was a fair justice.

His father told his elder brother that in Hefei, there was a Baogong Temple, a special shrine dedicated to Bao Zheng. There is also Bao Cemetery, on the south bank of Baohe in Hefei. The remains of Bao Gong, his wife, and grandchildren were buried in the cemetery.

"Does the guild protect dad?" I asked the elder brother.

Big Brother didn't answer. He stared at the tiger window blindly, the sky outside the window was chaotic, and the thin stars scattered scattered in the black night sky.

Big Brother sighed and said to me: "You grow up, you are about to enter middle school. You should know more about it. Brother has lost the opportunity to study for this family. I hope you finish reading what you deserve. I also read books that I couldn’t read. My father asked me to tell you that reading is not to be an official or to make a fortune. People with power always worry about losing their officials and lives, and people with money always worry about One day will be rich and empty. The poor are not afraid of who stole the starry sky. You should remember what my father told me to tell you."

 

4

 

Big Brother looked at the starry sky and said to me: "I was thinking that we had six brothers and sisters, but now our mother only feeds half. Our three brothers and sisters are the only hope for this family. We may one day become heaven The stars, I hope we can be like the stars, will shine and shine in the night."

Big Brother said to my little sister: "Let's count the stars together, I'm guessing, which star hangs over Hefei, maybe my father is watching the stars too!"

My little sister and I both looked up and followed the big brother's gaze to find the star.

The younger sister snuggled up next to her brother, and somehow the younger sister cried out: "I saw that the star is the brightest, it must be father!"

After half a century, the thought of my father under the tiger window still lingers in our brothers and sisters' minds. A ruthless life is like a stone. Although it can't cut things, it can sharpen the sharp edge of the sword. Since the night has left us in the world, then we must live bravely...

 

5

 

History always jokes mercilessly.

After his father died, he was assigned to Anhui. In the mountain-to-the-country movement initiated by the Cultural Revolution, my little girl was forced to go to Anhui Huainan to settle down in the village. I went to Huainan to visit the younger sister who settled in the line. I learned that my elder brother said that the people in Anhui were really poor and suffering.

In the years to come, I stepped into the land of Anhui many times. Anhui has four distinct seasons, mild climate, moderate rainfall, changeable spring temperature, cool autumn weather, significant rainy season and concentrated summer rain. Anhui should be a good place in Jiangnan. I have visited Huangshan, Lianjiang, Taiping Lake, Shexian, Jiuhuashan...but I haven't visited Hefei. I'm afraid of hurting my heart.

When Big Brother went to Hefei to visit his father, my father had told me to be upright. He told Big Brother the story of Bao Gong. For this reason, I often make paper cuts of Bao Gong and draw portraits of Bao Gong. A statue of Bao Gong was always placed on my desk. No matter how many jobs I changed, there was always a statue of Bao Gong on my desk. I admire Bao Gong, and I also hope that Bao Gong will return justice and justice to the world, and cleanse my father's grievances.

解放自己 第四十一章

1

在我的少年时代，我最憎恨的便是那场毁了成千上万知识分子的反右斗争。我的父亲是个革命功臣，从部队转业到地方后，被莫名其妙地打成了右派分子。与我父亲同样获罪的还有很多社会名流，甚至无辜少年。

父亲是在所谓的“阳谋”中被坑害的。还在我8岁的时候，父亲就被关押到安徽白茅岭劳改农场，随后发配到合肥一家砖窑厂劳动。父亲的腿在劳动时折断了。由此，我的大阿哥去了合肥，他是代表母亲探望父亲的。这也是母亲被迫与父亲离婚后，她第一次对父亲态度的转变。

我的大阿哥从合肥回到了上海，为了讲述他见到父亲的情况，我和大阿哥从小阁楼的老虎窗爬到了屋顶上，我们坐在屋顶的屋脊上，大阿哥还抱着我的小妹。那天，黑色的天空中，已能看到星星了。

大阿哥回来了。我很想知道，安徽在哪里？合肥又是什么地方？我的父亲到底怎么了。

哥哥说，他问过了很多人，安徽离上海不远，合肥是安徽的省会，也是个大城市。

2

哥哥只说合肥很远，安徽很穷。

我是在长大后，才知道：合肥因东淝河与南淝河在此汇合而得名，素以“淮右襟喉、江南唇齿”“三国旧地、包拯故里”闻名于世。合肥之名，最早出现在大文学家、史学家司马迁的《史记•货殖列传》中：“合肥受南北潮，皮革、鲍、木输会也”。

早在秦汉之交时期，合肥正式建立“合肥县”，属九江郡。东汉刘秀升合肥为侯国，三国时为扬州治所，三国时魏将张辽大败孙权十万大军的逍遥津战役，即发生在那里。

据说，合肥城址屡有变迁。《太平寰宇记》记载：汉代合肥县城“在今县（城）北”。东汉末年，战乱不息，合肥成为废墟。东汉建安五年（公元200年），扬州刺史刘馥单骑赴任，重建合肥城。魏青龙元年（公元233年），魏将满宠在旧城西鸡鸣山麓另筑“合肥新城”，以与旧城相犄角。西晋统一后，废三国时所筑新城，迁回旧址。

合肥旧城，地势低洼，南北朝时梁将韦睿因此堰水攻破合肥。唐贞观年间（公元627—649年），大将军尉迟敬德在旧城东南高地重筑土城，史称唐城。唐贞元年间（公元785—804年），“刺史路应求以古城皆土筑，特加甓焉”。由此，合肥始有砖砌城垣。

在南宋乾道五年（公元1169年），淮西帅郭振屯驻合肥，为防御金兵侵袭合肥，筑斗梁城。斗梁城“横截旧城之半”，地跨金斗河北，使金斗河横贯城中，基本形成今合肥古城的初貌。金斗河入城，促进了合肥城市的繁荣。嘉庆《庐州府志》载：“自河入城之后，而民间之利甚溥矣。谷粒之出入，竹木之栖泊，舟船经抵县桥或至郡邑署后。百货骈集，千樯鳞次，两岸悉列货肆，商贾喧阗。因其地气疏通，人心愉畅，而官长之超擢者，缙绅之显达者，甲乙榜之多，土风之厚，民俗之醇，甲于他郡。”

元朝末年，合肥古城多塌毁。佥事马世德提请宣让王及高昌公，发公私钱十万贯，将城作了整修。

至明弘治年间，合肥古城因年久失修，多处废缺，由庐州知府马金度主持修葺。据嘉庆《合肥县志》载，此间合肥古城，周围长4706丈（26里）；正西和西南面城墙皆缘冈地，高2.4丈；东、南、北三面城墙列平地，高2.8丈至3丈不等；底宽近4.8丈。城垛4578座，望台28座。城东壕深1.9丈，宽42丈；城西壕深2.5丈，宽29.5丈；城南壕深2.3丈，宽30丈；城北壕深0.8丈，宽35丈。河水环城通流。

清乾隆二十八年（公元1763年），清政府为防止农民起义，重修庐州府城。此次重修，城墙全部用大青砖砌成，重开威武、时雍、南薰、德胜、西平、水西、拱辰七门，并增设许多谯楼，“楼橹高耸”，十里之外，就能看到高大的城楼。

中国秦汉时期有不少都会。在所有都会之中，除西汉国都长安外，还有洛阳、成都、邯郸、临淄与宛五大名都，当时称“五都”。除长安、洛阳、临淄、邯郸、宛城、成都为全国性的6大都会外，各地区性都会有18座，合肥名列其中。

自东汉末以来，合肥数为州郡治所，一直是江淮地区重要的行政中心和军事重镇。明清时，那里为庐州府治，故又别称为“庐州”。清咸丰年间，合肥曾为安徽省省会。1945年国民政府安徽省省会迁入合肥，1949年1月21日合肥解放，同年2月合肥建市。1952年，新中国安徽省人民政府正式在合肥市成立。

大阿哥从不关心合肥的历史和地理，他能告诉我的，只是很简单的一句话：安徽和合肥的老百姓很穷很苦。

3

我大阿哥对合肥的地理历史是毫不感兴趣的。

我们兄妹三人坐在自家屋顶的青瓦上，大阿哥给我们讲了包公的故事，尤其是那段狸猫换太子的传说。

哥哥对我说，这个故事就是父亲在合肥时讲给他听的。大阿哥说，包拯就是包公，也叫“包青天”。包公就是合肥人。他为民伸冤，惩治权贵，是一个公正的大法官。

父亲对大阿哥说，在合肥，有个包公祠，是祭祀包拯的专祠。那里还有包公墓园，在合肥市的包河南畔。包公及其夫人、子孙遗骨都安葬在墓园。

“那包公会保护爹爹吗？”我问大阿哥。

大阿哥没有回答。他两眼死死地盯着老虎窗外，窗外的天空一片混沌，稀薄的星星零零落落地散布在黑色的夜空中。

大阿哥叹了口气对我说：“你长大了，马上就要进中学了。你应该懂得更多的事，哥为了这个家，失去了读书的机会，希望你读完自己应该读的书，也读完我没能读的书。父亲让我告诉你，读书不是为了做官，也不是为了发财。有权的人总担心哪一天会丢官丢命，有钱的人总担心哪一天会钱财两空。穷人却不怕被谁偷走了星空。你应该记住父亲让我转告你的话。”

4

大阿哥望着星空，对我说：“我在想，我们原本有兄妹六人，如今妈妈只养活了一半，我们兄妹三个孩子就是这个家的唯一希望。我们也许有一天都会化作天上的星星，但愿我们能象星星一样，在黑夜中也会发光发亮。”

大阿哥对我小妹说：“让我们一起数星星，我在猜，哪一颗星星挂在合肥的上空，爹爹说不定也在看星星呢！”

我和小妹都抬起头来，顺着大阿哥的目光，去寻找那颗星星。

小妹依偎在哥哥的身边，不知什么时候，妹妹叫了起来：“我看到了，那颗星星最亮，一定是爹爹！”

半个世纪一晃而过，老虎窗下对父亲的思念，却依然萦系我们兄妹的脑际。无情的生活就象一块石头，虽然不能割东西，但却能将宝剑的锋刃磨利。黑夜既然将我们留在了人间，那么我们就要勇敢地活下去……

5

历史总会无情地开玩笑。

父亲落难后发配于安徽，在文革发起的上山下乡运动中，我家小妹被强迫去安徽淮南插队落户，也是受苦于安徽。我曾去淮南看望插队落户的小妹，始知我大阿哥当年所言，安徽老百姓真的很穷很苦。

我在以后的岁月里，多次踏入安徽的土地。安徽四季分明，气候温和、雨量适中、春温多变、秋高气爽、梅雨显著、夏雨集中。安徽应该是江南好地方。我浏览过黄山、练江、太平湖，去过歙县、九华山……但唯独没有去合肥。我怕自己的心受伤。

大阿哥去合肥探望父亲时，父亲曾转告我要堂堂正正做人。他给大阿哥讲了包公的故事。为此，我常制作包公剪纸，绘制包公画像。一尊包公石像始终安放在我的办公桌上，不管换了多少工作岗位，我的办公桌上总是放着包公石像。我崇敬包公，也寄希望于包公为世间讨还公道和正义，洗清父亲的冤屈。