Wake up（297）

 

297

 

After Wang Wu described the experiences of Nanshan Yun to Nan Yangsheng in detail, he said: "Brother Yangsheng, I know you are thinking about your sister Nan Liwa, don't worry, she will come later."

Nan Yangsheng then asked: "I remember that among Nanshan Yun's friends is Zhang San, how is Zhang San doing?"

Wang Wu replied: "You are asking about San Pang, right? San Pang is an alumnus of the same age as Shan Yun. His brother has immigrated to Portland, USA, and his sister has immigrated to Canada."

Nan Yangsheng asked again: "In my impression, San Pang's parents were all impacted during the Cultural Revolution. They seemed to live in Tonghua, Jilin. They are all from the Northeast. I don't know why they moved to our small town?"

Wang Wu said: "In China, both the old and the young know that there were three major battles during the Kuomintang and Communist occupation. It was between September 1948 and January 1949. The three key battles in the Civil War between the KMT and the Communist Party. Taiwan is called the Three Great Battles, and the three battles refer to the Battle of Liaoxi, the Battle of Xubang, and the Battle of Pingjin, all of which ended in the victory of the People's Liberation Army."

Wang Wu said: "Three Fat's grandfather, Zhang Guantong, is an old revolutionary. He participated in the Liaoshen Campaign. Zhang Guantong was originally a soldier of the Independent Detachment of the Jilin Military Region of the Northeast People's Autonomous Army. The military region and the Jilin sub-provincial committee were responsible for the task of suppressing bandits and establishing a solid base. Zhang Guantong was promoted from squad leader to platoon leader. The Anti-Japanese Military and Political University Headquarters, which arrived in Tonghua from Yan'an, was changed to Northeast Military and Political University, which was affiliated to the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army Headquarters. Zhang Guantong entered the Anti-Japanese University Study. At that time, Lin Biao was the principal, Peng Zhen was the political commissar, He Changgong and Zhu Rui were the vice-principals, and Wu Gaizhi was the deputy political commissar. During the 52 days from September 12 to November 2, 1948, Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan led the The Northeast Field Army launched an attack on Jinzhou, Changchun and other places in Northeast China, and fought for 52 days with the main force of the Northeast Bandit Suppression Headquarters of the National Army. Occupied by the People's Liberation Army, Commander-in-Chief Wei Lihuang was completely defeated. Zhang Guantong mainly participated in the Siege of Changchun during the Battle of Liaoshen."

Wang Wu said:

During the 66 days from November 6, 1948 to January 10, 1949, the East China Field Army and the Central Plains Field Army led by Liu Bocheng, Chen Yi, Su Yu, and Deng Xiaoping, with 600,000 people, fought against the National Army in Xuzhou near the Huaihe River and Haizhou. The main force led by Liu Zhi, commander-in-chief of the Bandit General Headquarters, and the reinforcement troops led by Bai Chongxi, commander-in-chief of the Central China Bandit Suppression Headquarters, fought a strategic decisive battle with a total of 800,000 people. It adapted 555,000 troops from the national army, including Huang Baitao, Huang Wei, Qiu Qingquan, Li Mi, and Sun Yuanliang. After the battle, the PLA took control of a vast area north of the Yangtze River, directly threatening Nanjing, the capital of the Republic of China. This battle is called the Battle of Huaihai, also known as the "Battle of Xu Bang".

During the 64 days from November 29, 1948 to January 31, 1949, Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, Nie Rongzhen and others led the Northeast Field Army and the North China Field Army with a total of 1 million people to surround the main force of the North China Bandit Suppression Headquarters of the National Army. The national army of more than 500,000 people successively wiped out part of the main force of the national army through the battles of Xinbaoan and Tianjin. Finally, the People's Liberation Army reached an agreement with Fu Zuoyi, the commander-in-chief of the North China Bandit Suppression Army, and Fu Zuoyi surrendered in Kaesong. This battle is called the Battle of Pingjin. More than 520,000 national troops were annihilated and reorganized. The People's Liberation Army occupied Beiping, Tianjin, Zhangjiakou and other places.

After the three major battles, the national army lost more than 1.5 million, and the elite troops were completely lost. The rule of the Republic of China government led by the Chinese Kuomintang gradually collapsed in mainland China.

Wang Wu said to Nan Yangsheng: "You asked me just now why San Pang's parents live in Tonghua, Jilin, and they are both from the Northeast. Why did they move to our small town? When you know about the revolution of San Pang's grandfather Zhang Guantong Half of the experience is clear. Zhang Guantong was promoted all the way after liberation, and his rank in the army reached the rank of a division. , Zhang Guantong is also very beautiful. His only son, Zhang Zhenhua, is studying at Jilin University, married Fu Zhuyun, a female college student at the same school, and gave birth to three children.

Wang Wu took another sip of wine and sighed, "Do you know about the Lin Biao incident?"

Cheng Yenan interjected: "I heard from my father. Lin Biao doesn't smoke, doesn't drink alcohol, and doesn't pay attention to food. Every meal has two dishes and one soup. Most of them are fried meat with cabbage or sauerkraut, sometimes fried shredded lean pork, or scrambled eggs. What. The other fixed is soybeans: fried soybeans, or fried soybeans, or boiled salt beans, or tofu. Anyway, soybeans are indispensable. Not only are they available on the dinner table, but they are usually eaten by grabbing them. When guests came, they poured out a plate, as if everyone loved fried soybeans as much as he did. Sometimes he added a plate of food, and he said, "Don't do that. Sometimes I don't say anything, and I don't eat it. I don't add it again." Yes. Lin Biao doesn’t talk about food or clothes, he wears what he wants. Tailoring clothes, stretching arms and legs, how the tailor plays with it, like a puppet. I have never heard him talk about the quality of a piece of clothing, whether it looks good or bad Does it fit or not. He doesn’t like to play, and he doesn’t know how to play. Sometimes he reads books, one is military, and the other is philosophy, both of which are written by Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong. When he reads carefully, the red and blue pencils are scratched. The third is medical books, all of which are books of traditional Chinese medicine. Learn while using, "lively learn and apply", and prescribe medicine for yourself."

Wang Wu smiled: "I'm asking about the Lin Biao incident." Seeing that the young people at the same table were speechless, Wang Wu talked about the "September 13 Lin Biao Exodus Incident" that shocked the world.

In early February 1969, after the Ninth National Congress of the Communist Party of China came out with a revised draft, it was distributed to the members of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China to draw circles. The Politburo members who received the draft circled one by one and expressed their approval. Then, they were sent to Maojiawan, where Lin Biao lived. After Lin Biao circled, Mao Zedong was sent to circle. After Lin Biao read the draft, he drew a big circle with a red pencil, and ticked off a paragraph asking him to be his successor and a compliment. Lin Biao did not agree to praise him in the party constitution, and did not agree to include him in the party constitution as Mao's successor. However, the party constitution adopted by the Ninth National Congress of the Communist Party of China still included this passage. The party constitution states: Lin Biao is Mao Zedong's "close comrade-in-arms and successor."

Lin Biao was born in Huanggang, Hubei in 1907. He was admitted to the Whampoa Military Academy at the age of 18. He participated in the Nanchang riots organized by the CCP at the age of 20. He became the commander of the Fourth Army in Jinggangshan at the age of 23 and the commander of the First Army at the age of 25. He was the commander of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army at the age of 30. Became the "King of the Northeast" at the age of 39 - Secretary of the Northeast Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Commander-in-Chief of the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army, and Commander of the Northeast Field Army; at the age of 42, he became the "King of the Central South" and served as the Chairman of the Central South Military and Political Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Central South Military Region and the Commander of the Fourth Field Army ; was awarded the title of Marshal at the age of 48; became the vice chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China at the age of 51; was determined to be Mao's successor at the age of 58. However, when Lin Biao was 64 years old, he was buried in the Mongolian desert because of his defection to the party.

Cheng Yenan asked curiously: "Lin Biao is Mao Zedong's close comrade-in-arms and successor. Why did he defect to the party and flee?"

Wang Wu said: On August 1, 1966, the Eleventh Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, which announced the full launch of the Cultural Revolution, opened. During this period, Mao Zedong wrote "Bombard the Headquarters—My Big-Character Poster", pointing the finger at Liu Shaoqi, the number two figure in the CCP. At that time, Lin Biao was recovering from illness in Dalian. Mao Zedong called several times to urge Lin Biao to return to Beijing to attend the meeting, but Lin Biao refused repeatedly and wrote a written report asking for leave. On August 4, Mao Zedong asked his secretary to call Lin Biao again, but Lin Biao still refused. Afterwards, CCP Premier Zhou Enlai repeatedly persuaded Lin Biao to return to Beijing.

At the Eleventh Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Lin Biao became the only vice chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Lin Biao said: "I feel very heavy recently. My work is not commensurate with my ability, and I am incompetent. I expected to make mistakes." "The job given to me by the central government is not enough. , Repeated pleas, now that the chairman and the central committee have made a decision, I have no choice but to obey the decision of the chairman and the party, give it a try, and work hard to do well. I am still ready to hand over to a more suitable person.”

On August 18, Mao Zedong received the Red Guards on the Tiananmen Gate Tower for the first time. Lin Biao delivered a speech known as the "Cultural Revolution Manifesto". But he did not write the speech, but it was drafted by Chen Boda, head of the Central Cultural Revolution Group, revised and approved by Mao Zedong, and handed over to Lin Biao for reading.

On October 1, the "National Day" of the CCP, the leaders of the CCP went to the Tiananmen Rostrum. Lin Doudou, daughter of Lin Biao, and Li Na, daughter of Mao Zedong, all followed. Lin Doudou heard Li Na say that the army is conservative, stays put and resists Chairman Mao's revolutionary line. If things go on like this, the Chairman will disband the army. After Lin Doudou went home and passed these words to Lin Biao, Lin Biao immediately asked his secretary to find Ye Jianying and other senior military generals to discuss the solution. Ye Jianying suggested that according to Mao's instructions, the troops below the army level should not move, and let the military academies do some connection. Lin Biao agreed and ordered the relevant personnel to draft an "emergency instruction" to be issued by Ye Jianying.

At that time, Lin Biao didn't want the troops to be in chaos, but Mao Zedong called on the military organs to "defeat the king of hell and liberate the little devils." Later, when Mao Zedong saw a report from the Anhui Provincial Military Region that the troops were preventing the rebels from attacking the Provincial Military Region, he became angry and asked Lin Biao to withdraw the "emergency instructions" and re-issue eight new orders. Since then, 2.8 million troops have been invested in the "three branches and two armies", that is, support for agriculture, support for labor, support for the left, military management, and military training. Beginning in the spring of 1967, government agencies, schools, communes, factories, enterprises, transportation... Soldiers are everywhere, and the country has entered a period of military dictatorship.

Wang Wu continued: After the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution, Lin Biao also practiced the personality cult of Mao Zedong and punished some people. However, at the beginning of 1967, differences between Lin and Mao gradually emerged, mainly in three ways:

First, Lin Biao opposed messing up the army. In January 1967, under the instigation of Mao Zedong, the Cultural Revolution chanted the slogan of "pull out a handful of people in power in the army who are taking the capitalist road". In February 1967, the Central Cultural Revolution Group encouraged the rebels to fight Xiao Hua, director of the General Political Department of the army, which completely angered Lin Biao. Lin Biao found Jiang Qing in his residence, and angrily said: "Do you have to mess up the army before you stop? Who will benefit from messing up the army?" The dispute between Lin and Jiang was an important reason why Lin and Mao parted ways. one.

Second, Lin Biao advocated the development of production. The Ninth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was scheduled to be held in April 1969, and Lin Biao made a political report on behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Before the meeting, Chen Boda, Zhang Chunqiao, and Yao Wenyuan each drafted a political report to the Ninth National Congress. When Chen Boda asked for Lin Biao's opinion, Lin Biao said that it would be better to write in the statement raised by the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China that "the current main domestic contradiction is not the contradiction between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie, but the contradiction between the advanced socialist system and the backward productive forces." The manuscript drafted by Chen Boda emphasized that the main task after the Ninth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was to develop production, which was approved by Lin Biao, but was returned intact by Mao Zedong. The report drafted by Zhang Chunqiao and Yao Wenyuan highlighted the theory of continuing revolution under the dictatorship of the proletariat. Mao Zedong was very satisfied and adopted it after personally revising it. Lin Biao was "not at all interested" in the report drafted by Zhang and Yao, and "didn't even read it at a glance." Because Lin Biao was dissatisfied with the political report of the "Ninth National Congress" that the manuscript drafted by Zhang Chunqiao and Yao Wenyuan was used instead, at the "Ninth National Congress", he just read it according to the manuscript, perfunctory.

Third, Lin Biao opposed Zhang Chunqiao. Zhang Chunqiao and Yao Wenyuan were the new generation of pen writers who emerged during the Cultural Revolution and closely followed Mao Zedong. They were very close to Jiang Qing and won the trust of Mao Zedong. Jiang Qing worked as an actor in Shanghai in the 1930s. Zhang, Yao, and Jiang are also known as the "Shanghai Gang". Around the spring of 1970, the "Shanghai Gang" held a symposium on economic work and praised Zhang Chunqiao particularly highly. After the briefing of the meeting was sent to Wang Dongxing, director of the General Office of the Central Committee, Wang Dongxing felt that the "Shanghai gang" was going to seize power, so he passed the briefing to Chen Boda, who then passed it on to Lin Biao's wife, Ye Qun. Ye Qun saw that the situation was serious. At that time, many generals in the army were disgusted with Zhang Chunqiao. After Lin Biao learned about it, he wanted to overthrow Zhang Chunqiao and come to "the side of the Qing emperor". In August 1970, the Second Plenary Session of the Ninth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Lushan. Lin Biao delivered a long speech after consulting Mao Zedong in advance, criticizing Zhang Chunqiao without naming names. Chen Boda actively supported Lin Biao's speech, and many army representatives also began to criticize Zhang Chunqiao. Jiang Qing took Zhang Chunqiao to sue Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong believed that to criticize Zhang was to criticize the Cultural Revolution and to oppose Mao.

On August 25, Mao Zedong held a large meeting of group leaders to stop discussing Lin Biao's speech. On the 31st, Mao Zedong wrote "A Little Opinion", saying that Chen Boda fanned the flames everywhere, threatening to blow up Mount Lu and stop the rotation of the earth. Lin Biao understood at a glance that when Mao Zedong beat Chen, he was beating him, and he was very angry. On September 6, Lin Biao left without saying goodbye and went directly down the mountain to Beidaihe.

After the Lushan meeting, Mao Zedong killed Chen Boda, who had been his secretary for 31 years. On September 6, 1970, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China announced the review of Chen Boda. On November 16, the "Instructions on Conveying Chen Boda's Anti-Party Issues" was issued, saying that the Second Plenary Session of the Ninth Central Committee "exposed Chen Boda's serious crimes against the Party, the line of the Ninth National Congress, Marxism, Leninism, and Mao Zedong Thought, He exposed his face as a fake Marxist, careerist, and conspirator", and the "Criticism and Rectification" movement started since then. Lin Biao knew that Mao Zedong's next target was him.

However, no matter how Mao Zedong criticized Chen, Lin Biao was not moved, did not participate, and did not review. On May 20, 1971, Lin Biao wrote a letter to Mao Zedong, proposing "four don'ts and one essential". The main content is that, tentatively within ten years, the current members and alternate members of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China and the first and second in command of the military region will not be arrested, detained, killed, or dismissed. This is the "four nos". In case of special circumstances, the confidential instructions given by the chairman shall be implemented. This is "one must". And asked to convey the "four don'ts" to every soldier, ten years of unremitting efforts.

It can be seen from this letter that Mao Zedong's power is unparalleled, and he can overthrow anyone... Among the 611 emperors in China's history, Mao Zedong is the most authoritarian. Although Lin Biao wrote this letter to advise Mao Zedong not to easily arrest, kill, or imprison the top leaders of the party, government and army, it was actually a big exposure of Mao's dictatorship. Why did Lin Biao express his position at this time? What he meant was that even if I can't see you, Chairman, I should use my most faithful words to advise you. This was Lin Biao's last call from the bottom of his heart. Long-term illness had a huge impact on Lin Biao's body and mind. Lin Biao was extremely tired of the life-or-death in the CCP's officialdom.