Wake up（336）

 

336

 

What is a "special offering"? Young people like Nan Yangsheng, Pan Tianliang, Nan Liwa, and Wan Ru obviously don't know much about it.

Liu Xiaosheng said to Lao Pantou and these young people: China’s special supply system is organized by the government to provide specific supplies for government officials or special people, as well as secretaries, guards, drivers, servants, cooks, nannies, special cars, housing and special medical care. A system of treatment services (high-ranking cadre wards), in which senior cadres can enjoy such special treatment for life. As early as when Stalin was in power, the Soviet Union established a system of privileges for cadres of central state organs. In 1941, Ren Bishi, who served as Secretary-General of the CPC Central Committee, established the CCP's strict hierarchical supply system following the Soviet model. At the beginning of 1950 after the establishment of the Communist Party of China, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Ministry of Public Security established Xiangshan Farm (now called Jushan Farm) in Beijing. Managed by the Security Bureau of the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, it provides special supplies of agricultural products for senior cadres, and establishes a special food supply system for the heads of the central government.

On November 9, 1960, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China released the "Report on the Issue of Taking Care of Non-staple Food Supply for Senior Cadres and Senior Intellectuals in Beijing" written by Qi Yanming, establishing a nationally unified special supply system for senior cadres. Since then, under the background of the long-term shortage of materials in Chinese society and the shortage of food and daily necessities for ordinary people, the scope of special supplies has expanded, involving tobacco, alcohol, clothing, etc. Chairman porcelain is among the items specially provided for Mao Zedong.

On November 13, 1979, "Several Regulations of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council Concerning the Living Treatment of Senior Cadres" was promulgated, which mentioned that senior cadres should pay for their own water and electricity fees, and that electricity and water meters cannot be installed separately for public and private use. , allocated in a reasonable proportion. In July 1989, the meeting document of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, "Decisions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council Concerning Several Matters Concerned by the Masses in the Near Future", called for the cancellation of special food supplies, as with other requirements, but it has not yet been implemented.

In 2007, Ren Yuling, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and counselor of the State Council, proposed to reform the lifelong system of remuneration for senior cadres. On November 28, 2013, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council promulgated "Several Regulations on the Living Treatment of Senior Cadres". But these are all empty words. The "special supply" system has never been cancelled, and it has been maintained to this day.

Liu Xiaosheng said: Actually, for us Chinese, it has long been an open secret for high-ranking officials to make special offerings. There were special offerings during the Mao Zedong era. Not only the tobacco and alcohol he enjoys are special offerings, but also books, rice and white noodles are special offerings. Mao Zedong especially liked to eat live fish from Dongfanghong Fishing Farm in Changsha. He arranged a special plane to go back and forth between Beijing and Changsha regularly every week, and specially airlifted live fish for him. In order to prevent "class enemies from destroying", three generations of poor and lower-middle peasants were selected to form a basic militia company, which was specially responsible for catching, selecting, packing and escorting live fish. Mao Zedong is Emperor Mao. He enjoys privileges. The Chinese have nothing to say. Isn’t there a precedent in ancient times that fast horses were used to send fresh lychees to the royal family from the south?

Mao Zedong was a heavy smoker. It is said that he smoked more than 50 cigarettes a day when he was in Yan'an. For this reason, the CCP set up a mysterious No. 132 team. This team was not the code name of the anti-Japanese squad that eluded people, but a secret team that specially made cigars for Mao. Why is it called No. 132? The cigarette smoked by Lao Mao is called No. 2, and the cigarettes smoked by other chiefs are called No. 13, and they are collectively called No. 132. Why is there no No. 1 cigarette? The literati of the CCP explained that Lao Mao wanted to leave No. 1 cigarettes to the people to smoke! What a ridiculous explanation. It can be seen that "special supply" is not the privilege of Lao Mao alone. The entire privileged class of senior officials in the CCP is special supply. From top to bottom, all levels of government have their own "special food supply bases." Zhao Ziyang's idea of eliminating corruption included canceling the special confession of high-ranking cadres, and he offended too many high-level politicians at that time.

Originally, Deng Xiaoping's persuasion of the party veterans to leave their leadership positions had already caused complaints, so Deng Xiaoping didn't say it clearly, but the idea in his heart was undoubtedly to adopt a "redemption" policy for these veteran cadres, using better than the incumbents. Material conditions are used as an exchange condition for dissuading veteran cadres. In short, what Deng Xiaoping meant at that time was to "unload the mill" but not to "kill the donkey". The "institutional reform" promoted by Wang Zhaoguo in cooperation with Hu Yaobang is undoubtedly suspected of "killing a donkey".

As a result, Chen Yun and others pressured Hu Yaobang to replace the director of the Central Office. Deng Xiaoping could only agree to it based on political considerations. For the same reason, Xiang Nan, who was in power in Fujian Province at the time, also offended Chen Yun because he opposed the "special offering" of central leaders.

The supply and distribution system before the CCP came to power was absolutely even on the surface, but in essence it was "three colors for clothing and nine grades for food," with a strict hierarchy. "Kang Keqing's Memoirs" records that in 1937, the allowances between the highest and lowest levels in the CCP were several times different. In the Yan'an era, ranks became a system. The CCP's "1942 Border Region Finance Implementation Measures for Overall Planning and Expenditure" stipulated that the head of the agency could "increase one yuan per person per day in addition to the general food expenses" "small stove". . It is recorded in the "Implementation Measures for Health Care of Central Cadres" that in the early 1940s, cadres above the county level and above the departmental level in government agencies and schools who were sick or infirm were regularly paid 2 to 6 yuan in monthly health care expenses. This is probably the embryonic form of special medical supplies.

In the 1950s, Beijing set up a 600-acre Xiangshan Farm, which was specially used to provide special dishes for officials above the vice premier level. After 1956, on this basis, the "Yuquanshan Farm" was formed with troops and soldiers as construction personnel, mainly planting rice. , sweet potatoes and various fruit trees to meet the needs of the central government.

In the early 1960s, No. 34 Donghuamen in Beijing became a special point for supplying tobacco, wine, pastries, candy and non-staple food to high-ranking officials, and only served officials above the vice-ministerial level. According to a Phoenix TV report, at that time there was a shortage of goods and food, and the CCP ordered all parts of the country to reduce the basic needs of the people and fully support Beijing. "No. 34 Supply Department" is like the small Baihua store of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. It has all kinds of famous, high-quality and special foreign goods, such as yellow croaker at 0.46 yuan per catty, basketball-sized black gluten and large watermelon at 8 cents per catty, and imported brand-name household appliances, watches, Perfumes, woolen materials, chocolates, brandy, jewellery, etc. are all available.

Liu Xiaosheng told Lao Pantou, Nanyangsheng, Pan Tianliang, Nan Liwa, Wanru and other young people: After the "reform and opening up", the special supply system has not disappeared. In today's new era, the special supply system has not been cancelled.

Zhao Ziyang's economic reform policy had a serious conflict with Chen Yun, the economic leader of the CCP. Chen Yun was the first person to remove Hua Guofeng and Hu Yaobang. Of course, he also had the ability to remove Zhao Ziyang.

Liu Xiaosheng told Lao Pantou, Nan Yangsheng, Pan Tianliang, Nan Liwa, Wanru and other young people about Zhao Ziyang's dilemma when he implemented economic reform policies.

When Zhao Ziyang proposed at the beginning of 1988 to carry out price and wage reforms by proactively raising prices and raising wages, Chen Yun already felt a little worry. At the Central Working Conference of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, he put forward a point of view: "I think it is better to use state subsidies and low wages. If there is no subsidy, there will be a big increase in prices and wages, and the economy will be chaotic." These undoubtedly caused Zhao Ziyang's subconscious unhappiness.

When Chen Yun was extremely worried about Zhao Ziyang's promotion of economic work, he started his big move in 1988.

On May 18, 1988, Yao Yilin, then vice premier of the State Council, came to the beautiful Hangzhou and informed Chen Yun, who was recuperating there, of the latest opinions on price and wage reforms put forward by the Politburo Standing Committee chaired by Zhao Ziyang. Yao Yilin, who is familiar with Chen Yun's personality, tried his best to use the most concise and clear language to report to this economic veteran in the Communist Party of China: "We imagine that starting next year, prices will increase by 10% every year for five consecutive years. The annual per capita income will increase by 100%. 11th, 12th, 13th, and 14th, counting four accounts." Hearing this, Chen Yun suddenly asked: "Do you think the price can be straightened out?" Yao Yilin replied cautiously: "I'm talking about preliminary Straighten it out, it will probably take five years."

Chen Yun refused to give up, and continued to ask: "Prices have risen five years in a row, what will happen to the situation? Have you thought about it?"

Yao Yilin replied: "The overall price level has increased by 60 to 80 percent, and wages have increased by 100 percent."

Hearing this, Chen Yun shook his head again and again, expressing doubts. He said: "Prices have risen by 10% every year, and they have risen for five consecutive years. I have a big question mark."

Facing Chen Yun's questioning, Yao Yilin had no choice but to tell the truth: "I'm not sure whether this road will work."

Facing Yao Yilin's hesitation, Chen Yun suddenly raised his voice: "The problem is that the continuous price increase of 10% will have a great impact. If you announce this plan to the public, you can ask Zhao Ziyang, if he dares to say no." Dare to speak?"

Yao Yilin replied: "That must be said."

Looking at Yao Yilin who was already somewhat embarrassed, Chen Yun sighed softly: "Have you ever thought about what to do with farmers who do not receive wages after the price rises? The fundamental problem we are facing now is to transfer farmers from the land and get wages. It is much better to be a farmer. But it is not easy. We cannot pass the test of agriculture in our lifetime. In 1984, when the grain harvest was bumper, some people were overheated. Just don't believe it."

As if feeling unfinished, on May 28, Chen Yun specially found Li Peng, who had just assumed the post of Premier of the State Council, to have another clear talk. In this conversation, Chen Yun clearly expressed his opposition to the proposed price and wage reform. He said in an unquestionable tone: "It's impossible to increase prices by 10% every year. I'm an accountant, and I have numbers in my mind. If you can't straighten out prices in your lifetime, financial subsidies can't be cancelled."

To Chen Yun's surprise, although he had so clearly expressed his concerns about economic reforms that might cause economic turmoil, his views still did not attract the approval of the newly formed Central Committee of the Communist Party of China headed by Zhao Ziyang. In the price reform plan finally passed, his opinion has actually been rejected. Chen Yun was silent.