Wake up（323）

 

323

 

When old Pantou chatted with Nan Yangsheng, he sighed: Hu Yaobang, one of the main leaders of the second generation of the Communist Party of China and the People's Republic of China, served as the secretary-general of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and the general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.

Hu Yaobang, whose ancestral home is Hushi Ancient Village, Hualinshan Town, Gaoan City, Jiangxi Province, was born on November 20, 1915 in Cangfang Village, Zhonghe Township, Xiling Town, Liuyang County, Hunan Province. According to his uncle Hu Zuyi's "Book of Songs·Daya·Wen Wang", "Although Zhou is an old state, its life is renewed.... Yi punishes King Wen, and all nations are governed." The sentence is named Bang and the word Guoguang.

Hu Yaobang's development was not very good. He had difficulty articulating words and stuttered when he was young, but he was very smart and lively. In 1920, he was sent by Hu Zulun to study at the Peach Planting Bookstore of the Hu family. In 1922, Hu Zuyi's proposal for a new school was approved and changed to Xingwen Primary School, where Hu Yaobang and his cousin Hu Yaoqing moved to the new school.

In 1926, after finishing elementary school, Hu Yaobang went to Liren School in Wenjia City to study high school. The school principal Chen Shiqiao, teachers Gan Sizao and Wu Qianjin were all members of the Communist Party, so Hu Yaobang began to absorb communism. He needs 20 kilometers of rugged mountain roads to go back and forth to study every day. This difficult journey also made him maintain the habit of brisk walking until his old age. In high school, Hu Yaobang was promoted to the first place year after year, and served as the school's young pioneer team leader and propaganda team leader; soon his cousin Yang Shijun (Yang Yong) also transferred to Liren School.

In 1929, Hu Yaobang transferred to Liuyang County Junior High School to study, and was introduced by Yang Guiying of the county, and secretly joined the Communist Youth League. In 1930, the Fifth Red Army led by Peng Dehuai and the Sixth Red Army led by Huang Gonglue fought against the national army in Liuyang, Dongxiang and other places. Some teachers and students of Liuyang Middle School were transferred to Miaofengfeng Middle School in Changsha. But soon Peng Dehuai led the Red Army to attack Changsha, so Hu Yaobang had to suspend his studies. After Hu Yaobang returned to his hometown, because he was able to read and write, he was elected as the secretary of the township league branch, uniting the villages to support the Red Army and the Soviet regime. On August 6 of the same year, the Third Red Army moved to Liuyang, and together with the First Red Army led by Mao Zedong and Zhu De defeated the third column of the Fourth Route Army in Wenjia City, and established the First Red Army. In October 1930, Hu Yaobang was transferred to the Eighteenth District Committee to do propaganda. Soon, the Eastern Hunan Special Committee of the Communist Party of China was selected to work in the Children's Bureau of the Eastern Hunan Special Committee.

In February 1931, Hu Yaobang became the Technical Secretary of the Eastern Hunan Special Committee of the Shaoxing Communist Party. However, due to the blind expansion of the CCP’s anti-revolutionary work at that time, in 1933, the Political Security Bureau of the Hunan and Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the CCP included the young Hu Yaobang and Tan Qilong in the list of suspects against the Bolshevik Organization AB Group. At that time, Feng Wenbin was determined to protect the two. So he took them to Ruijin, where they were stationed in the Central Soviet Area. At that time, Gu Zuolin, Secretary of the Central Bureau of the Soviet Area of the Communist Youth League, and Zhang Aiping, the head of the Central Committee of the Young Pioneers, were investigated and relieved of their censorship and assigned work. Therefore, Hu Yaobang stayed in the Youth Department as an officer. In 1933, he served as the Minister of the Youth Department of the Anti-Imperialist and Supporting the Soviet Union General League in the Central Soviet Area, and also served as the Minister of the Propaganda Department. Joined the Communist Party of China in September. At the beginning of 1934, he served as Secretary-General of the Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China. In October, Hu Yaobang started the Long March with the central column. In 1935, he was incorporated into the Party Branch Secretary of the Thirteenth Regiment of the Fifth Division of the Third Red Army. He was wounded in the Battle of Loushanguan during the storming of the Zunyi Gate. The shrapnel hit his right buttock and was carried into the Catholic Church for first aid. The pieces were never removed. At the end of the year, Hu Yaobang arrived in northern Shaanxi with the Central Red Army.

In December 1935, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held the Wayaobao Conference to determine the anti-Japanese national united front and dispatch the Red Army to conquer Shanxi. In January 1936, Hu Yaobang was transferred to the local working group and served as the captain of the Shilou County Working Group to publicize the purpose of the Red Army and the CCP to the local area and provide supplies for the Red Army in the Eastern Expedition.

Lao Pantou said to Nanyang Sheng:

After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, in March 1937, Hu Yaobang entered the second phase of the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political University, served as the Secretary of the Party Branch of the First Brigade, and then stayed and was incorporated into the advanced research class. In the autumn of the same year, he stayed on as the deputy director of the Political Department of the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University, and hosted the school magazine "Ideological Front". In April 1938, the fourth phase of the Anti-Japanese War was held. Hu Yaobang also served as the political commissar of the first team of the fourth phase, partnering with the captain Su Zhenhua. In March 1939, the central government transferred Hu Yaobang back to Yan'an and served as the deputy director of the Organization Department of the General Political Department of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China. At that time, Fang Qiang was working in North China. Under the leadership of director Tan Zheng, he was responsible for the inspection, appointment, dismissal and transfer of leading cadres of the entire Communist Party army. In 1940, Hu Yaobang concurrently served as the director of the Political Department of the organ directly under the Military Commission, and cooperated with Ke Tihua to build the Bethune International Peace Hospital.

In November 1941, Hu Yaobang married Li Zhao, a graduate of Yan'an China Women's University. Li Zhao was born in Ningxiang, Hunan, and then settled in Su County, Anhui with his mother. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, he joined the New Fourth Army Field Service Corps and the Eastern Henan Guerrilla Group, and arrived in Yan'an in 1939. In 1942, their first son was born, named Feifei (Hu Deping). In 1945, Hu Yaobang attended the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

After the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Hu Yaobang asked Mao Zedong to open up work in the front. Mao Zedong agreed and appointed him as the head of the advance detachment to go to the Northeast early. At this time, the second son of Hu Yaobang and Li Zhao was born. Because they considered going to the Northeast for a long time, they had to part with their own flesh and blood and were raised by guerrilla Liu Shichang.

In 1946, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided that Hu Yaobang should be the director of the Political Department of the Jireliao Military Region, and he would cooperate with Commander Xiao Ke and Political Commissar Cheng Zihua.

However, after several months of long-distance raids and intense work, Hu Yaobang suddenly had a high fever and diarrhea. At that time, Ye Jianying, as the representative of the Communist Party of China, participated in the work of the Executive Department of the Military Mediation Office in Peiping, so Hu Yaobang was sent to Peking Union Medical College Hospital for diagnosis and treatment, and was diagnosed as amoeba hepatitis. Under the care of Ye Jianying and Luo Ruiqing, he recovered quickly and was transferred to Zhangjiakou for further treatment. In July of the same year, he became the political commissar of the fourth column of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Field Army, partnering with Commander Chen Zhengxiang. This was the first time Hu Yaobang led his troops to participate in battle as a commander.

After successive setbacks in the Jining Battle of Datong and the Battle of Zhangjiakou, in October 1946, the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Central Bureau held a meeting to adjust the battle order of the troops; Hu Yaobang and Chen Zhengxiang still served as political commissars and commanders of the fourth column. In 1947, the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Army was reorganized again, and Hu Yaobang was transferred to the political commissar of the third column, partnering with Commander Zheng Weishan, Deputy Commander Wen Niansheng, and Director of the Political Department Lu Ping. Later, the Field Army Command requested that the three verticals go west and then attack Laishui County. Hu Yaobang replied and insisted on waiting for the opportunity, and finally got his consent. After the Battle of Qingfengdian, Shijiazhuang was already an isolated city. Zhu De, commander-in-chief of the People's Liberation Army, arrived in Anguo in person to direct the Shijiazhuang campaign. From the southwest, the four verticals are responsible for the main attack from the northeast. The People's Liberation Army began to attack Shijiazhuang, and Hu Yaobang once went to the front line to command the breakthrough. At the end of the battle, the two liberated areas of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei and Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Hebei were completely integrated into one, and it was the first model battle for the PLA to conquer a large city.

After the Battle of Shijiazhuang, Zheng Weishan and Hu Yaobang led three columns to attack Laishui again. The 32nd Division of the National Army was wiped out, and Lu Yinglin, the commander of the 35th Army, shot himself.

At that time, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to establish the North China Bureau. The former Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region merged with the Shanxi-Hebei-Luyu Military Region and became the North China Military Region. The Field Army of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region was changed to the First Corps (later changed to the Eighteenth Corps), Xu Xiangqian served as the commander and political commissar, Zhou Shidi served as the deputy commander and deputy political commissar, Chen Manyuan served as the chief of staff, and Hu Yaobang was promoted to the First Corps Director of the Political Department, under the jurisdiction of the Eighth, Thirteenth, and Fifteenth Verticals. Hu Yaobang participated in the Xibaipo meeting, and then went to the front line of Taiyuan to convey the spirit.

After the Battle of Taiyuan ended the battle for Dongshan in the outer periphery, the Corps formed a committee for fighting against the enemy. Zhao Chengshou and Yang Cheng were dispatched to persuade Zhao Rui, the commander of the Eighth Corps of the Jin Army, to disintegrate more than 10,000 people from the Jin Army and surrender to the People's Liberation Army. Hu Yaobang later served as the director of the Taiyuan Front Political Department. When the People's Liberation Army captured Taiyuan, Hu Yaobang served as the deputy director of the Taiyuan Military Control Committee and started to manage the city's public security in Taiyuan. He quickly established government agencies in Shanxi and Taiyuan, and restored schools and factories.

The Eighteenth Corps and the Nineteenth Corps were assigned to the First Field Army, commanded by Peng Dehuai to attack the northwest. Hu Yaobang marched westward with the troops, and took the lead in arriving at the front line of Xianyang with the 61st Army of the People's Liberation Army, fought against the Ma Jiyuan Department of the Majia Army and won. After that, he participated in the Battle of Fumei and the Battle of Baoji with his troops. After the Northwest War gradually ended, the Eighteenth Army was transferred to He Long's command and marched southwest. At that time, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to hold the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in September 1949. On July 29, Hu Yaobang and He Long went to Beiping to attend the meeting and attended the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China on October 1.

When Lao Pantou and Nanyang Sheng chatted about Hu Yaobang during the war, he sighed: At that time, the Second Field Army and the Fourth Field Army had entered East China and Central China through the Battle of Crossing the River, and launched a roundabout offensive against the situation in the southwest, and successfully ended the Sichuan-Guizhou Campaign. Hu Yaobang rushed to the national army's Daba Mountain defense line with the First Field Army, attacked the city continuously with the force of breaking bamboo, and besieged Hu Zongnan's corps to the vicinity of Chengdu. During the Battle of Chengdu, Hu Yaobang personally arranged for Pei Changhui, the Seventh Corps of the National Army, to surrender. When the Southwest Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China established the Northern Sichuan Working Committee, Hu Yaobang served as the secretary, and his many years of military career ended thereupon.

For the young Nanyang student, it was the first time he entered Hu Yaobang's military life. It turned out that Hu Yaobang was also the pride of the army.