Tocharians

 

Tocharians

 

When Agu Demba, the coachman A Zhuo and the leader of the horse trading team, Jie Han Fang Shidi, were chatting, Fang Shidi, who sells horses by trade, told some stories about the bloody horses. It also talked about how after Zhang Qian was sent to the Western Regions, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent troops to conquer the Dawan Kingdom twice in order to obtain the bloody horses of the Dawan Kingdom. These stories also lead to the history of the world-famous Silk Road.

The talkative crow Betty said to Han Fang: You have traveled all over the country, but have you ever come into contact with the Tocharians?

Han Fangshi said: The Tocharians are one of the earliest ancient peoples to settle in the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains. Their traditional territory is in the Taklimakan Desert. To the north of the boundary is the Tianshan Mountains, to the south is the Kunlun Mountains, to the east is the Gobi Desert, and to the west is the Pagoda. The Qiuchi and Yanqi people in the Mir Plateau, the southern foothills of the Tianshan Mountains, the Cheshi people in the Turpan Basin, and the Loulan people in the eastern Tarim Basin are all Tocharian people. The Tocharians described in Chinese records are bearded people with deep eye sockets and high nose bridges. They played an important role in the emergence and development of the civilization of the Western Regions and even the entire Chinese civilization. Wheat that originated in West Asia was introduced to China from the West by the Tocharians. The Loulan civilization, which has a history of thousands of years, the Qiuci civilization, which has had a significant impact on the history of Chinese Buddhism, and the Turpan civilization, which combines various cultural factors from the East and the West, were also created by the Tocharians.

The Tocharians speak an Indo-European language. Therefore, the Tocharians may be one of the oldest Indo-European peoples. They separated from the original Indo-European tribes long before the Eastern and Western branches of the Indo-European language family split. Researchers have different opinions on the origin of the Tocharians, and there are mainly three explanations: Some say that the Tocharians originated in the Near East. The geographical concepts of the Near East, the Middle East, and the Far East are different, and the Near East is adjacent to Europe. The Tocharians in the Tarim Basin are the nomadic Guti people, also known as the Assyrians, who appeared in the Zagaros Mountains in western Persia around 2300 BC. The Akkadian dynasty was destroyed in 2180 BC, and later the Babylonian dynasty was overthrown and dominated Babylon for a hundred years. At this time, the Guti people left Babylon and traveled a long distance eastward to the Tarim Basin. There is also a saying that the Tocharians originated from southern Siberia, and the ancestors of the Tocharians were the Afanashevo people. There is another theory that the Tocharians originated from the Western Regions, which means they were formed in today's western China, because the Yuezhi people have lived west of the Yellow River and the western regions of China since ancient times.

However, there was no such thing as "China" at that time. If Chinese civilization is an eternal river that flows to this day, then the Xia, Shang and Western Zhou dynasties are its great source. The word "China" first appeared in a bronze inscription named He Zun cast during the reign of King Cheng of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The "China" here refers to Luoyi, the center of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the center of the world. It was the area directly ruled by the Emperor of Zhou.

The Tocharians in the Tarim Basin appeared in the Zagaros Mountains as early as around 2300 BC. However, the real historical era of Chinese civilization with an accurate chronology began in 841 BC, the first year of the Republic of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The previous historical era only had the lineage records of kings, so the earliest origin of Chinese civilization has not yet been finalized. Although there are many records about the Xia Dynasty in traditional documents, because they were all written relatively late, no recognized evidence of the existence of the Xia Dynasty and its previous history has been found so far. Therefore, some people in modern historical circles have always questioned the authenticity of the existence of the Xia Dynasty. sex. This is history.

Agudengba said: What do you want to explain when you suddenly talk about these disappeared Tocharians?

Ji Hanfang did not answer, but sang a song "Tochar":

 

As early as 2000 BC,

Indo-Europeans are already active in Xinjiang,

They are distributed in Qitai, east of Tianshan Mountains,

Peacock River Basin in the Tarim Basin,

The ancestral culture of the Tocharians has been left behind.

 

An ancient people who could speak Tocharian language,

Including the Yuezhi people in the Barkol Grassland,

There are also ancient Qiuci Yanqi chaplains,

The name of Kunlun Mountain comes from Tochara,

The ancient Loulan Kingdom was famous all over the world.

 

French sinologists once came to Kuqa,

Tocharian documents were found there,

However, the Germans came from Kuqa’s grotto,

All the books in the library were taken away,

Two cartloads full of documents were smuggled away.

 

The Tochar tribe has been silent since then.

History can be tampered with at will.

Races can be brutally exterminated by force;

Tocharian language has no successor,

I just want to say that history is full of blood.