Wake up（237）

 

Chapter 43: Martial Arts

 

237

 

The morning TV weather program of the Hong Kong Observatory is updated at about 7:00 am and 8:00 am daily, while the evening program is updated at about 6:00 pm from Monday to Friday. It aims to provide a friendly communication channel for the public to understand the weather changes.

Chai Jianhua watched the morning TV weather program early in the morning. Today the weather is fine and the air is fresh. So, Chai Jianhua and Han Erniang started their morning walks.

Six kinds of morning exercises are most suitable for the elderly. At around 7 o'clock in the morning, many elderly people are already exercising in the nearby Greenland Park. On the fitness trail, old people in twos and threes walk fast together, walk backwards or slap their bodies while walking; in the fitness area, some elderly people do various swings on the fitness equipment. In the empty places of Hong Kong, there are no aunts dancing in the square. Under the tree, several old people slapped their bodies, and some walked backwards...

The main purpose of morning exercise for the elderly is to appropriately increase cardiopulmonary function, maintain joint mobility and muscle vitality, but they should exercise according to their own conditions. Chai Jianhua, who is already 96 years old, knows how to do what he can. Therefore, you will not follow the trend blindly, nor will you stay still. He just takes a slow walk, sometimes pausing to watch older Hong Kong people doing tai chi or dancing swords.

The morning exercises that are more suitable for the elderly are mainly jogging and walking. There are also a few old people playing diabolo, practicing yoga and playing badminton.

Chai Jianhua said to Han Erniang: The elderly should have breakfast before morning exercises, but they should not be too full. Morning exercise on an empty stomach, for the elderly with diabetes, the ability to regulate blood sugar will decrease, which can easily induce hypoglycemia. Elderly people with unstable blood pressure or cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, exercise on an empty stomach, blood vessels are easy to dilate, and symptoms of hypoxia appear. After a night's sleep, the body's water content decreases. Drink a glass of warm water after getting up early to dilute the blood viscosity, which can prevent the occurrence of myocardial infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral thrombosis and other diseases.

Chai Jianhua and Han Erniang chose a leisure bench under the tree and sat down. Several young men were boxing nearby.

Han Erniang asked Chai Jianhua: Are they practicing Shaolin boxing?

Chai Jianhua shook his head: I don't think so. There are many categories of Chinese martial arts, which can be classified and named according to region, inheritance and origin, and routine characteristics. In the early days, martial arts were often divided into two schools, the southern and the northern, or the inner and outer schools. The inner school was represented by Taiji, Xingyi, and Bagua.

At this time, an elder who was also watching young people boxing interjected: Now the boxing routines of young people in Hong Kong are basically Guangdong Nanquan. There are also Cai Lifo Boxing, Tiger Crane Double Form Boxing, Wing Chun Boxing and so on.

Chai Jianhua smiled and asked the elders: What kind of punches are these young people punching?

The elder said: This is Jeet Kune Do, a martial arts system founded and developed by Bruce Lee. Since Bruce Lee came to Seattle in 1959 to prepare for university and opened the first "Zhenfan Guoshu Museum", the martial arts he learned and passed down was called "Zhenfan Kungfu". In 1967, Bruce Lee officially announced the name "Jet Kune Do" to his disciples and the outside world.

Chai Jianhua bowed to the elder and said, "I am a medical student. I know a little about Chinese medicine, but I don't know much about Chinese Kungfu. I'm new to Hong Kong, and I hope to give advice."

The elder returned the gift: I am over eighty years old and have practiced martial arts since childhood, so I have a special preference for Chinese martial arts. There are five schools of Chinese martial arts: Kongtong, Wudang, Shaolin, Emei, and Kunlun. Among them, the Shaolin School originated from the Shaolin Temple in Songshan, Henan. The content of Shaolin martial arts is extremely rich. The essence of Shaolin boxing is called "Shaolin five boxing", which refers to dragon boxing, tiger boxing, leopard boxing, snake boxing and crane boxing. It is divided into Xiaohong boxing, Dahong boxing, Luohan boxing and plum blossom There are dozens of Shaolin boxing methods such as pile cannon hammering, as well as martial arts with knives, guns, swords, shovels, sticks and other equipment, and created Shaolin Yijin Gong, Xiaowu Gong, Yin-Yang Gong, Hunyuanyi Qigong and other Qigong. In the development of more than one thousand years, Shaolin boxing has gradually been divided into the northern school of Shaolin boxing and the southern school of Shaolin boxing. There are many branches of Shaolin boxing, which are said to be "three masters" and "four major schools". Hong Quan in Guangdong Nanquan originated from Shaolin Temple. According to legend, it was created by Hong Xiguan, who was originally a tea merchant in Zhangzhou, Fujian. After creating the boxing, he passed it on to the fifth patriarch of Hongmen in Southern Shaolin. Hongquan was later introduced to Guangdong, including Wuxingquan and Shixingquan. Famous masters in the past include Hong Wending, Lu Yacai, and Juegu Zen masters. Tie Qiaosan, Lin Fucheng, Huang Tai, Huang Feihong, Lin Shirong and the Guangdong Ten Tigers are the biggest school in Nanquan.

Chai Jianhua smiled to the elder: Thank you, today you let me increase my knowledge again. My surname is Chai, and I am 96 years old. This is my wife Han Erniang.

The elder carefully observed Chai Jianhua's ruddy complexion and smooth skin, and was shocked: "Qiye, I thought you were over seventy at most. My surname is Wu, and my name is Tianying. My ancestral home is Shandong. After moving to Hong Kong, I once opened a Martial arts hall. Among these martial arts practitioners are my disciples."

Chai Jianhua asked the elder Wu Tianying with a smile: "Your surname is Wu. You have practiced martial arts since childhood. You have a preference for Chinese martial arts. Why?"

Wu Tianying said: "My family has practiced martial arts for generations, and my original surname was Song. Since my great-grandfather's generation, I changed my surname from Song to Wu. Because my ancestors didn't like Song Jiang, they worshiped Wu Song. My father named me, which means the sky eagle pounces on the tiger. I I usually like to practice Eagle Fist."

Wu Tianying demonstrated a witty and steady "like an eagle waiting for a rabbit" action, and made a pictographic action of "an eagle spreading its wings". The posture is vigorous, and the force is just bursting.

Wu Tianying said:

The atmosphere of ancient martial arts and the life content of martial arts made people at that time form some unique customs and habits. Anyone who died of cowardice and defeat in battle must be "thrown out of the tomb as punishment" after death, because "no courage" It is the most despised quality. On the contrary, the orphans and parents of the heroes who died heroically on the battlefield will enjoy special courtesy every spring and autumn. During sacrificial ceremonies, people often waved painted paintings, danced with the drums and held weapons, and reproduced the battle scenes through dances, forming a worship of bravery and religious fanaticism. Some good names for men, such as "virtuous", "junshi", and "Jiejun" are all related to brave men with "big appearance", which shows the value orientation of the society at that time.

The Xia Dynasty advocated loyalty, the Yin Shang worshiped witchcraft, and the Western Zhou Dynasty emphasized ritual. The Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, which lasted for more than a thousand years, have always regarded themselves as a country of ritual and music. The ritual and music culture occupies an official orthodox position. The serious impact of ritual and music culture. However, the martial spirit flourished again after the Western Zhou Dynasty, where ritual and music culture was the most prosperous. After hundreds of years of evolution and evolution, it finally solidified into an important part of the Chinese national spirit. On the one hand, it inherited the early Chinese ancestors. Martial arts sentiments, but the more important aspect lies in the unique historical and cultural factors and public psychological factors of this period.

Why are these shifts happening?

Wu Tianying to Chai Jianhua: In the late Western Zhou Dynasty, with the improvement of agricultural production tools and farming techniques, the strong labor force that was originally bound in the public fields was partially liberated. The monarchs, ministers, and officials of the various princes were able to drive more strong labor forces to reclaim and cultivate private land that did not pay taxes to the King of Zhou. Especially after King Ping moved eastward, the strength of the Zhou royal family declined, and even the "conquest of rites and music", which marked the status of the king of Zhou as the ruler of the world, could not be decided by the king of Zhou, but by the princes, monarchs, and officials. Then, in order to strengthen their own strength and win the hegemony and annexation wars, the princes and monarchs devoted themselves to cultivating private land in their own countries, and the Zhou royal family could not stop it. At this point, the scene of "thousands of roots and cultivation" in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty completely disintegrated, and a new type of economic system with the tenancy relationship as the main economic connection was replaced by a new type of economic system. After that, all countries have basically carried out tax system reforms. In the early years of Duke Huan of Qi State, the tax system was "declined according to the land", in the sixth year of Duke Hui of Jin State, "the land was used", and in the fifteenth year of Duke Xuangong of the State of Lu, "the taxation of mu at the beginning", In the twelfth year of King Kang of the Chu State, "quantity was included in the repair of Fu", and in the seventh year of Duke Jian of the State of Qin, "the first lease of grain".

Wu Tianying said that the improvement of agricultural production tools, the improvement of farming technology and the change of economic system have weakened and destroyed the regime of the old slave-owner class, and freed a large number of serfs who were originally bound in the public fields. Serfs and even slaves became farmers. , which is a major change. Because farmers have gained greater freedom in human beings, they have the ability to engage in other things after production. The appearance of a large number of knights and assassins in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty is the direct result of this reason. This is also an important reason for the prevalence of martial spirit in Eastern Zhou society.

In addition, in addition to the development of economic factors, especially the increasingly sophisticated smelting technology and the emergence and maturity of iron smelting technology, it has brought about the renewal and development of weapons. Appear. This further expanded the scale of the war in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, intensified the cruelty of the war, and promoted the prosperity of the martial spirit in the whole society on a deeper level.

The emergence of iron smelting technology has also led to the development of sword casting. In Yue there is Ou Yezi, and in Wu there are famous swordsmiths such as Gan Jiang and Mo Xie. Famous swords such as Yu Chang, Zhan Lu, and Ju Kuo.

Wu Tianying explained to Chai Jianhua: From this we can see that the development of the economy has promoted the prevalence of martial arts in two aspects. Renewal and development, this is an indirect reason for the prosperity of martial arts.

He also said: Wars were extremely frequent during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and there were countless wars, large and small, among the vassal states, between the vassals and the emperor, and between the vassals' subordinates. There were more than 400 wars in the early period alone, and Jian Bozan's "History of the Pre-Qin" said this in detail: According to "Spring and Autumn", in the Spring and Autumn Period of more than 250 years, those who said "invaders" Sixty times, those who said "cut" 212 times, those who said "encircle" forty times, those who said "teacher is destroyed" three times, those who said "war" twenty-three times, and those who said "invasion" twenty-seven times , Those who say "advance" twice, those who say "attack" once, those who say "take" and "destroy", are even more indescribable. In the later period, there were frequent wars.

In these wars of hegemony and mergers, the big annex the small, and the strong destroy the weak. "Xunzi Zhongni" records that Qi Huangong "merged the country for thirty-five years", "Han Feizi Nan Er" records "Jin Xiangong merged the country for seventeen, and served the country for thirty-eight", "Youdu" contains "Jingzhuang King merged the country for twenty Sixth, "Ten Passes" contains Qin Mugong's "Concurrent State Twelve".

Chai Jianhua nodded and said:

Your insight opened my mind again. I know that since ancient times, in the long history of China, there has always been the saying "Wenzhiwugong". But the specific situation is not known much.

Wu Tianying gave a further explanation to Chai Jianhua: the ancient Chinese were used to assisting the world with culture and education on the one hand, and fighting disasters and chaos with martial arts on the other. In the pre-Qin period, martial arts played a very important role in the unique social life of Chinese ancestors. According to "Zhou Li Da Sima" records: In spring, management officials waved flags to call villagers, practiced formations and tactics in the field, and understood the meaning of military orders such as beating drums and ringing gold; Night combat training and identification of the battlefield; in autumn, villagers practice marching troops to identify the uses of various flags and weapons in the army; in winter, conduct comprehensive inspections and conduct large-scale actual combat exercises. Every three years, larger-scale collective military exercises are held. Actions like this are carried out over and over again, and over time it has become part of the lives of ordinary people. "Teach martial arts at four o'clock, and practice in three years."

Wu Tianying sighed to Chai Jianhua: I practiced martial arts in the martial arts gym set up by my father since I was a child, but my father also explained to me the relevant historical knowledge of "Wen Zhi Wu Gong". The Chinese ancestors with a strong national character were influenced by the strong martial arts atmosphere in the pre-Qin period for a long time, thus forming a strong martial spirit, and this spirit has been integrated into all aspects of the social life of the ancestors. Although the martial arts sentiments of the Chinese ancestors were impacted by the official ritual and music culture in the Xia, Shang, and Western Zhou dynasties, they flourished again in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods with the political division and the collapse of ritual and music, and became a part of the spiritual chain of the Chinese nation. an integral part.

Wu Tianying said to Chai Jianhua: I have set up a "Tianying Martial Arts Gym". If you are interested, you can visit it when you have time.

Chai Jianhua readily agreed.