Wake up（259）

 

259

 

At the invitation of Qin Xiling and Lin Beixue, professors Hong Wenxuan and Shen Zhirui and alumnus Wanru had dinner at Staunton's. After dinner, the two still had nothing to say, so they went to a nearby small cafe.

This small cafe is hidden in a small space with only four seats. Although the area is small, it has the feeling of a warm and small shop. Only a few light meals and coffee are sold here, but the sandwiches are made-to-order, with plenty of ingredients and sincerity.

Hong Kong's cafes are the place to be for a holiday. In addition to having fun around during the holidays, many young people sometimes pass the time in coffee shops, which is also a chance for themselves to breathe. The desserts in the cafe include Cappuccino Cake and Cream Cheese Cake. Each coffee tastes smooth and full-bodied, and with the unique antique pattern on the coffee cup, it is top-notch.

The small coffee shop that Professors Hong Wenxuan and Shen Zhirui went to can only be regarded as a hermit coffee shop. There is nothing special about it, but it can take you away from the hustle and bustle of city life. The rough concrete walls and iron gates bring out a simple and nostalgic style. With the decoration of flowers and wooden chairs in the store, it feels like returning to the old Hong Kong tea shop.

The coffee here is served in Chinese-style porcelain cups. While drinking coffee, the two professors Hong Wenxuan and Shen Zhirui chatted about an old topic: Is the movement to the countryside a crime or a great cause?

Hong Wenxuan thinks: Now some people vigorously praise the "Going to the Mountains and Going to the Countryside" movement, in my opinion, they intend to repeat the old trick. Those in power have roughly the same political background, have all experienced "going to the countryside", were recommended by poor and lower-middle peasants to join the party, and were all born as workers, peasants, and soldiers.... Interestingly, although the parents of these people can be called old revolutionaries, they were also revolutionized during the political movement and suffered a lot.

Shen Zhirui said: Recently, Radio Free Asia's "Asia-Pacific Report" program broadcast "National Organizations Escort "Going to the Mountains and the Countryside" Fears a Comeback". Millions of educated youths came to the countryside, changing the fate of many educated youths. Recently, a national-level research institute in China also issued an article revisiting this period of history, and even described the movement as a "great feat". The article triggered a strong backlash in public opinion.

Shen Zhirui said that someone checked it online and found that this article by the Chinese Academy of History was published on the 22nd of this month to commemorate Mao Zedong’s announcement 52 years ago that “it is necessary for educated youth to go to the countryside and receive re-education from the poor and lower-middle peasants.” Commemorative article indicated. The full title is "Down-to-earth youth without regrets!" Educated youth going to the countryside is a great feat to promote social progress! ". The article said: After more than half a century, it can be clearly seen that "going to the mountains and going to the countryside" is a great feat to promote social progress, and "educated youth" is an important cornerstone of the construction of the Republic. However, for a period of time, there have also been some views that negate the "going to the mountains and going to the countryside" movement. These viewpoints draw on some extreme "individual cases" and nonsense that "educated youth" are "the ruined generation", "going to the mountains and going to the countryside" are "persecuted", "counter-urbanization" and other erroneous remarks. These remarks "drunkards don't want to drink" are actually an attempt to negate the struggle of New China.

The article specifically introduced that: In December 1968, Mao Zedong pushed young people to go to the mountains and go to the countryside. This has laid a solid foundation for preventing the peaceful evolution of the West. A large number of educated young people who went to the mountains and went to the countryside are now playing an extremely important role in the leadership positions of our party and the country at all levels and in economic and social life. Educated youth are not a "ruined generation", but a generation who have grown up through hard times to become productive. The most outstanding representatives among them became the leaders of the party and the country in the early 1920s, taking on the historical task of leading the people of the whole country to struggle forward in the new era. In 2012, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held. Among the seven Politburo Standing Committee members, four had the experience of going to the mountains and countryside, accounting for 57.1%. The general secretary went to the Northwest Loess Plateau at the age of 15, and stayed there for seven or eight years. Among the members of the Political Bureau of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the members of the Secretariat, among the seven members of the Politburo Standing Committee, there are still three who are from the "educated youth" family background. Soldiers" background. From the four of them, there are still a lot of members of the 19th Central Political Bureau and secretariat who also have the background of "educated youth".

Hong Wenxuan said: In fact, in the more than eight years since he took the throne, he overturned the "Cultural Revolution" and reaffirmed Mao Zedong's series of retrograde policies during the "Cultural Revolution" era, especially the clamor for the "Going Down the Mountains to the Countryside" movement. It reappeared in the CCP's official media. Li Shenming, who had never experienced even half a day of campus life after graduating from primary school, was able to be appointed as the vice president of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. ", the article said: Chairman Mao is a farmer, he knows that farmers are at the bottom of society, and successors cannot be cultivated in the warm arms of parents in the city, so he sent educated youths to the mountains and countryside to educate farmers Let's see how it works? So more than 16 million educated youths went to the mountains and went to the countryside... Chairman Mao may also have thought at this time that these children will suffer, or even suffer greatly, when they go to the countryside. They may blame themselves or even scold themselves, but it doesn't matter. In order to break the "peaceful evolution" strategy of the Dulles brothers, he Chairman Mao accepted the scolding.

Hong Wenxuan said: I remember that in 2015, a man named Wang Chengxin in Mainland China published an article titled "Xi Jinping Becoming a Leader Is the Greatest Achievement of Chairman Mao's Call for Educated Youth to Go to the Countryside", saying that "everyone knows: at the Seventh National Congress of the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Among the Standing Committee members, there are four urban intellectual youths who Chairman Mao called on intellectual youths to go to the mountains and countryside during the Cultural Revolution. They are General Secretary Xi Jinping, Premier Li Keqiang, Director of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Zhang Dejiang, and those in charge of the Disciplinary Inspection Commission and the Political and Legal Affairs Commission. Wang Qishan. They all responded to Chairman Mao’s call and actively went to the countryside to receive re-education from poor and lower-middle peasants. After experiencing the hardships of rural life, some of them were recommended by farmers to go to university—such as Xi Jinping and Zhang Dejiang; some were admitted when the college entrance examination was resumed in 1977—such as Li Keqiang and Wang Qishan.” What needs to be corrected is that Wang Qishan, like Xi Jinping, is also a student of workers, peasants and soldiers.

Hong Wenxuan continued:

Indeed, as Wang Chengxin said in his article "Xi Jinping Becoming a Leader Is Chairman Mao's Greatest Achievement in Calling the Educated Youth to the Countryside": If Chairman Mao hadn't sent the urban educated youth to the countryside to receive re-education, none of the four of them would have At the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, you will enter the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and become a member of the Standing Committee of the Politburo, and the members of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National Congress will be other people, and China's history will be rewritten. An author wrote the article ""Worker, Peasant and Soldier Students" Win at the Political Starting Line" eight years ago. The article introduces: What will happen to the CCP regime? After the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China entered the Xi Jinping era six years ago, there was a phenomenon that the civil and military forces of the Manchu Dynasty were full of workers, peasants and soldiers. The reason is of course not only because Xi Jinping himself is a worker, peasant and soldier It is because all the workers, peasants and soldiers who entered the political arena of the CCP, compared with their peers who were able to enter university after the resumption of the college entrance examination in 1977, won the "Cultural Revolution" "A new political starting line after the end.

Shen Zhirui said that during the Cultural Revolution, the total number of educated youths who went to the mountains and went to the countryside reached more than 16 million, which was equivalent to one tenth of the urban population at that time and was forced to go to the countryside. This is a rare large population migration from cities to villages in the modern history of mankind. Among the urban households across the country at that time, there was almost no family that was not associated with the "educated youth" going to the countryside. Among the 840,000 "college students of workers, peasants and soldiers", there are still a small number of people who were originally rural youths, and some of them were recommended by factories and troops to go to college, so the urban youths who went to the mountains and went to the countryside at that time were lucky enough to be "recommended" Certainly less than 800,000 have become "college students of workers, peasants and soldiers", accounting for less than 5% of the total 16 million educated youth sent to the countryside.

Just imagine, if the "Cultural Revolution" hadn't happened, universities hadn't been shut down, and the 16 million urban middle school graduates hadn't been forced to go to the mountains and go to the countryside, then among them, whether they were the children of cadres or the children of ordinary people, they would have had the opportunity to participate in the "Cultural Revolution" for everyone. Opportunities are at least relatively equal over the years of the college entrance examination. In this way, although all the workers, peasants and soldiers, including Xi Jinping, Wang Qishan, Zhao Leji, etc., and all other "educated youths" are victims of the "Cultural Revolution" movement, this is only from the perspective of being forced to "go to the mountains and go to the countryside" Speaking of this, Xi Jinping himself once described jumping in line to the Yan'an area as "distribution". But from the perspective of "workers, peasants and soldiers going to college", all "workers, peasants and soldiers students" are undoubtedly the biggest, most direct, and most obvious manifestations of the entire "Cultural Revolution" movement, or the absurd system of the "Cultural Revolution". beneficiary groups. At that time, in the final analysis, the "worker, peasant and soldier college students" who were "recommended" for college qualifications accounted for more than 70% of the total. Compared with the vast majority of ordinary "educated youths", they were absolutely The social privileged class produced during the "Cultural Revolution" movement. At that time, they were able to return to the city early and become state officials before the end of the "Cultural Revolution" by being "recommended" to go to university. This was based on the premise of depriving the other 95% of the educated youth population of equal competition opportunities.

Hong Wenxuan continued: You are right. After the death of Mao Shihuang, who disastrous to the country and the people, in the first two years after the resumption of the college entrance examination system, on the surface, every ordinary youth who had no chance to be "recommended" to go to university was finally given the opportunity to participate in equal competition, but at the same time, Their peers, all the workers, peasants, and soldiers who have become national cadres, such as Xi Jinping, and Zhao Leji, also found that history has given them this vested interest group a chance to further become a master, and that is Deng Xiaoping and Chen Yun. The so-called "four modernizations" policy for cadres. At that time, while Hu Jintao, Wen Jiabao, etc. were selected from middle-aged intellectuals to directly enter provincial and ministerial leadership positions, the scope of professionalization, knowledgeization, and youthful selection of middle- and grass-roots cadres could only be limited to "workers, peasants, and soldiers." students" group. Therefore, when the aspiring politicians among the previous "new college students" starting from the seventh and seventh grades were still studying intensively on campus, the "worker, peasant and soldier students" had already rushed a lot from the starting line of promotion and fortune.

As we all know, among the generation of educated youths who entered university through the college entrance examination, the earliest ones entered the university in the spring of 1978 and graduated in the spring of 1982. Therefore, on the whole, those who aspire to become politicians among them, whether they are older than the party or at all levels The accumulation of political experience in leadership positions cannot fail to lose to the "workers, peasants and soldiers students" who are of the same age as them.

Of course, there is at least one member of the Standing Committee of the Politburo of the current CCP, Li Keqiang, who is an educated youth who obtained a formal university degree by taking the college entrance examination. Passed the college entrance examination to enter the university, and was trained as the successor of the first secretary of the League Central Committee as soon as he graduated from the university. After all, he was the only one, Li Keqiang.

Just as Mr. Song Yongyi, an authoritative researcher on the "Cultural Revolution", said in an interview with a reporter from the New York Times: A person's attitude towards a political movement is often viewed as a whole, that is, whether he benefits from the political movement or suffers from it. Much loss.

Shen Zhirui said, I have read Ms. Tang Yan's "Is the Movement to the Countryside a Crime or a Great Achievement?" ", she criticized in the article: "Suffering is the wealth of life" is only for a few successful people. We must trace the source of the suffering and hold the makers of the suffering accountable in order to avoid further suffering, instead of rationalizing the suffering, let alone praising and showing off the suffering. The examination of suffering should be based on the educated youth as a whole, based on the entire country and nation. In fact, it is not just our personal suffering, but the suffering of a generation and the common suffering of the whole nation. It should be noted that those few successful people are foiled at the cost of the suffering of the majority.

Tang Yan's article also said: Another crime of the Sent to the Countryside Movement is that it deprives us of the right to continue education. Education is a basic human right that every citizen should enjoy and guaranteed by the national constitution. It is the key to everyone's survival, development, and completion of socialization.

While this movement of going to the countryside deprives most of our school-age urban youths of the right to continue their education, it gives Xi Jinping and his very few the right to enter universities and secondary vocational schools without passing exams. Compared with all the educated youths who had no chance of being recommended to go to college or technical secondary school when the college entrance examination system was abolished, Xi Jinping and the like can be said to be the founders of the "Cultural Revolution" and its "sub-movements" of going to the mountains and going to the countryside. beneficiaries. Xi Jinping is well aware of this, which is why he blatantly overturned the "Cultural Revolution" shortly after he came to power, renewing the "Cultural Revolution" such as "going to the mountains and going to the countryside" and "workers, peasants, and soldiers going to college" that had been completely negated in the Deng Xiaoping era. The "sub-sports" evaluation is well placed.

Calculating, the oldest person of the generation that experienced "going to the mountains and going to the countryside" should be a high school graduate in 1966. Under normal circumstances, they entered school at the age of 7 (a few at the age of 6), and experienced 6 years of primary school. After a total of 12 years of schooling, including 3 years of junior high school and 3 years of high school, the age for high school graduation is 18 to 19 years old. Therefore, most of the high school graduates in 1966 were born in 1947 or 1948. They are all over 70 now. The youngest of them, represented by Zhao Leji born in 1957, was not only the last batch of "going to the mountains and going to the countryside" that year, but also the last group of workers, peasants and soldiers. Two years later, at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, even if Wang Yang, who was born in 1955, and others could not continue to serve, even if Zhao Leji would be "high-minded" and voluntarily asked to retire, Xi Jinping, the representative of "educated youth" and "worker, peasant and soldier students" would still rule for a long time. Therefore, the Chinese Communist Party's official advocacy for the policy of "going to the mountains and going to the countryside" will continue to continue.

Hong Wenxuan said to Shen Zhirui:

If we give the reaffirmation from the perspective of historical positioning, there is a layer of "realistic" policy considerations. Yu Hongjun, Executive Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Peking University and Dean of the School of Marxism of the school, published the article "Proposal for the State to Launch the "Mountain and Countryside Project in the New Era"" in July 2009, advocating the launch of the "Mountain and Countryside Project in the New Era" , can serve multiple purposes, embodying outstanding economic benefits, social benefits, political benefits and cultural benefits. It can enable college students to deeply understand the national conditions, effectively train the talent team, and effectively alleviate the shortage of rural talents and other problems...

The two professors Hong Wenxuan and Shen Zhirui chatted a lot in this small cafe in Hong Kong, but it was difficult to release the suppressed emotions in their hearts.