Wake up（252）

 

Chapter 5 Educated Youth

 

252

 

Is "suspending classes to cause revolution" and "resuming classes to cause revolution" the great "educational revolution" in history? History has proved that this kind of cultural revolution, which violated the purpose and laws of education, died in the end. After these two farces were staged, Lao Mao launched the third farce, which is "Going to the Mountains and Going to the Countryside".

Under the continuous toss of "suspending classes to cause revolution" and "resuming classes to cause revolution", students in Chinese universities, middle schools and primary schools lost the opportunity to learn cultural and technological knowledge in the classroom. These students were actually the new illiterates in China at that time.

Lao Mao said that "the more knowledge, the more reactionary", and the "intellectuals" at that time were all called "stinky old nine". So why are students who are forced to "go to the countryside" called "educated youth"? Obviously, this generation of students has no chance to study hard at all, and they are all newly illiterate. Calling them "educated youth" does not mean that they have much knowledge, but regards the so-called "educated youth" as "little bourgeoisie". For these "little old nines", they must be sent to the countryside to "receive re-education from the poor and lower-middle peasants", so that they can be reborn and start a new life!

The so-called "educated youth" going to the mountains and the countryside actually turned this new generation of illiterates into new farmers. It is unbelievable that these "educated youths" who were once driven to the countryside or farms finally returned to the city. Those ultra-left elements among the old educated youths have long forgotten their painful experiences, and instead shouted loudly "Youth without Regrets", these ultra-leftists organized the "Educated Youth Association" and "Educated Youth Network", holding red banners, holding red placards, wearing red guards' costumes, and went on stage to perform New farce, popular songs, hip-hop dancing, commemoration and memory articles, are also singing the praises of "going to the mountains and going to the countryside". Some of them still proudly refer to themselves as "the educated young generation", but they are actually a group of idiots!

Don't you think so? Do you think this is an insult to them? If the Cultural Revolution 2.0 reappears, you can ask these red fans, will they let their grandchildren pack their backpacks and go to the mountains and the countryside?

...

The "Naonao" alumni group founded by Li Aiwen, Qian Xiaojuan, and Sun Yulan became more and more lively. Because these three old alumni began to discuss the "going to the countryside" on the Internet. "Going to the mountains and going to the countryside" is the third farce of the educational revolution during the Cultural Revolution.

After the farce of "suspending classes to cause revolution" and the subsequent "resume classes to cause revolution" failed, Mao Zedong soon arranged a new "destination" for these students who were forced to drop out of school during the Cultural Revolution, that is, the vast expanse of going to the mountains and going to the countryside stage.

On December 22, 1968, "People's Daily" published Mao Zedong's "highest instruction" in the editor's note: "It is necessary for educated youth to go to the countryside and receive re-education from poor and lower-middle peasants. It is necessary to persuade urban cadres and others Send girls who have graduated from junior high school, high school, and university to the countryside to mobilize. Comrades from all over the countryside should welcome them.”

In this way, the six-year students of the third junior high school and the third senior high school who were abandoned in their studies and learned nothing during the "suspension of classes for revolution" and "resumption of classes for revolution" were ironically worn by Mao Zedong himself. After winning the title of "educated youth", he was sent on a train going up to the mountains and down to the countryside to go to remote villages and pastures, to farm and herd sheep, and to endure another purgatory in an unaccompanied environment.

Although the third class left the school, the ghost of Mao Zedong's contempt for knowledge still entrenched in all schools. In 1969, when the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved a report on rural education, it only approved five courses in rural middle schools: "Mao Zedong Thought", "Basic Knowledge of Agriculture", "Revolutionary Literature and Art", "Military Training", and "Labour". ; In urban middle schools, in addition to these five courses, there is another course: "Industrial Basic Knowledge". In fact, due to frequent trips to factories, villages, and the army to study engineering, agriculture, and the army, the students back then did not even take these courses seriously. It is conceivable that Chinese students are poor in knowledge.

On October 14, 1967, the then Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council, the Central Military Commission, and the Central Cultural Revolution jointly issued the "Notice on the Resumption of Classes and Revolution in Universities, Middle and Primary Schools". The disaster brought about by the nation is far from over, especially the unfortunate victims of the past, who are still swallowing the bitter fruit of neglecting their studies back then.

Han Erniang, who was a middle school teacher during the Cultural Revolution, said to her student Li Aiwen: A junior high school student I once taught came to visit me later. He told me that when he graduated from junior high school in 1966, the so-called "Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution" He ruthlessly forced universities, middle schools and primary schools across the country to "suspend classes and start a revolution." This disturbance lasted for two full years, and his studies were also neglected for two years. When the school resumed classes in 1968, he dramatically became a third-grade student. The textbooks I have learned this year are of course an alternative kind of emergency make-up with the aftermath of the "Cultural Revolution", and the teaching activities have not been on the right track. He passed this school year, counting as a high school graduate. At that time, colleges and universities did not enroll students, and the students all went home obediently to work in agriculture. By the time colleges and universities enroll students a few years later, he will already be the father of two children. He said that for decades, he had always believed that the "cultural revolution" had changed his destiny, and he hated that criminal "revolution" to death.

Han Erniang also said to her students Qian Xiaojuan and Sun Yulan:

A student told me that during the years of the Cultural Revolution, he only completed half of his three years of junior high school studies, and the other half was wasted in the "noble revolutionary struggle". What should be learned is not learned well, what should be understood is at a loss, and what should be consolidated and memorized has been forgotten. The Cultural Revolution ruined our generation.

There is also a classmate who graduated from junior high school in 1969. About the fate of this batch of junior high school graduates, a special sociology book can be written. They're not really junior high school graduates at all. The chaos of the Cultural Revolution prevented them from completing the sixth grade of elementary school and entering middle school as scheduled. It was not until the second half of 1967 that they were finally called to report to the middle school, but the so-called "resumption of classes and revolution" in the middle school at that time was nothing more than "reading every day" for an hour in the dilapidated classroom every day. It's completely "herding sheep". In the winter of 1968, a large-scale down-to-the-country movement swept across the country. The students in this class were "even pots", and all of them went to the Production and Construction Corps or farms.

Li Aiwen talked about these past events with Qian Xiaojuan and Sun Yulan, feeling very emotional.

Li Aiwen said that I read Liu Shuang's article "The Ugly Old Three: Going to the Mountains and Down to the Countryside is a Shame of Youth" published on Phoenix.com, and he recalled those experiences painfully as a "experienced person":

  "In the summer of 1969, the messenger of mankind landed on the moon under the eyes of all mankind. He turned around slowly and looked at the hometown of mankind--the only blue planet in the solar system. It floats in the dark, and emits loving light and heat to the vast, cold universe. At this moment when the whole world realizes that 'technology is above everything', China's 'old three' are deprived of learning The right to scientific and cultural knowledge is throwing their precious, once-in-a-lifetime youth helplessly in the wilderness and mountain depressions. Today, will anyone still advocate and reproduce this ugly youth model?"

Similar articles have also been published on Sohu.com. For example, Chen Yixin's long essay "From Decentralization to Laid-off 1968-1998" lamented the ups and downs of the "educated youth" generation in today's reform era. It made a thorough analysis of the social status quo of benefiting from the reform and becoming a "burden unloaded by reform". He said: "The movement of going to the mountains and going to the countryside ended with the beginning of the reform, but the suffering of the educated youth generation did not end with the deepening of the reform. Driven into the society and experienced the hardships of rural life. In the reform era activated by Deng Xiaoping, many people of this generation were forced to be laid off in their forties, and they quit the stage of career development prematurely in middle age. The income and life are difficult. This generation is the outcast of Lao Mao’s revolution, and it is also the burden unloaded by Lao Deng during the reform.” The author narrates this group of “educated youth” who were forced to drop out of school, facing the increasing level of education. The requirements and the pace of rapid changes in the reform, the lack of a basis for adaptation, after being "laid off", they can only struggle hard in order to survive: "After being laid off at around 40 years old, they have become babysitters, street vendors, part-time workers, restaurant waiters. No A complete but too low level of education prevents them from competing for the new opportunities brought by the reform, and when the reform advances, they are laid off and are left behind to carry pans, train stalls, and move gas."

Qian Xiaojuan said, I read an article, I forgot who the author was, but I remembered the title of the article "Stars are Professors, Each Says His Reasons". The article said: So far, the generation of victims who suspended classes and started the revolution, whether it is the part of a large number of "unemployed and laid off" or successful people with successful careers, still has the pain caused by the abandonment of their studies in their hearts, even in their hearts. On originally happy occasions, they will all think of the inner pain of neglecting their studies during the "Cultural Revolution". Famous actors Pu Cunxin and Tang Guoqiang are successful people in their careers and were hired as visiting professors at the university. This was originally a very happy thing, but the two of them coincided with each other, and they all recalled the past when their studies were delayed during the "Cultural Revolution". According to reports, the Meishi Film Academy of Chongqing University formally hired Pu Cunxin as a visiting professor. When Pu Cunxin received the appointment certificate from Chongqing University, he said: "Being a professor is something I never dared to think about. Because of the Cultural Revolution, I didn't even enter middle school. I didn’t go to school.” Tang Guoqiang simply referred to himself during the “Cultural Revolution” as “Dabaiding”, he said: “I caught up with the Cultural Revolution when I was young, but I couldn’t go to school if I wanted to. My father was a university teacher, but at that time he saw me and Brother, these two 'big white men' are full of helplessness."

Sun Yulan put it another way: Although the Cultural Revolution is over, politics is still very left. Genealogy is still rampant. The difference is that under the control of their parents, the children of the rich and powerful can go to college and have good jobs through the back door. The person who joined the team at Liangjiahe was born in June 1953 and entered elementary school at the age of 6. He entered junior high school in 1965. Under normal circumstances, of course, he should have entered high school in 1968. However, because of the outbreak of the "Cultural Revolution" in 1966 and the subsequent "suspension of classes for revolution", he could only complete the first grade of junior high school step by step. The real basic education is junior high school, and to be more precise, the period of formal education he actually received was only the complete sixth grade of elementary school and the basically complete first grade of junior high school, which is seven years. His middle school alma mater is a well-known school for the children of high-ranking cadres. In the era when the supply system was implemented, students in this school enjoyed tiered supply standards. That is to say, the food, drink, clothing, sleep and other living and study expenses of these high-ranking officials' children are all paid by the state, just like military cadres. But in 1962, his father, Xi Zhongxun, lost his position as Vice Premier and Secretary-General of the State Council because of his involvement in the "anti-Party novel "Liu Zhidan" case", and was imprisoned in the Beijing Garrison. Therefore, he moved to the Central Party School of the Communist Party of China with his mother. Shortly after the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution, he was classified as a "gang boy" because his father was brought down at that time. In January 1969, he was transferred to the Liangjiahe Brigade of the Wen'anyi Town Commune in Yanchuan County, Yan'an City. After only staying for a few months, he sneaked back to Beijing because he couldn't stand the hardship, and was sent to the "study class" for the children of "gangsters" in the juvenile detention center. Go to Liangjiahe, Anyi Commune, Yanchuan County. In 1974, he began to apply to join the Communist Party of China. However, his application for joining the Communist Youth League and the Party was repeatedly rejected, and he was approved only after submitting more than ten times. Since then, he was elected as the party branch secretary of the brigade. In 1975, after seven years of going to the countryside, he entered the Department of Chemical Engineering of Tsinghua University to study basic organic synthesis through the recommendation system of workers, peasants and soldiers. In April 1979, Xi Jinping graduated from Tsinghua University. At that time, his father Xi Zhongxun had also returned to serve as the first secretary of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. So after graduating, he was assigned to the General Office of the State Council and the General Office of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China as one of the three secretaries of Geng Biao, a friend of his father who is now a member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Minister of National Defense. Whose child can become the Secretary of the Secretary of Defense in a straight line after graduating from college?

Sun Yulan was very emotional when Li Aiwen and Qian Xiaojuan talked about these past events.

Li Aiwen said, I remembered a popular saying back then: It is better to have a good father than to learn mathematics, physics and chemistry well. This is the current state of education in China.

Under the recommendation of Hong Wenxuan, he met Qin Xiling, a doctor of sociology from the Central Plains College of Humanities, his favorite student, and his girlfriend Lin Beixue, who is a doctor of medicine from the Central Plains College of Humanities.