Wake up（195）

 

195

 

When Zhou Jianguo chatted with Pan Guangfu and Chai Jianmin about the investigation of the "May 16 counter-revolutionary clique" and the "One Attack, Three Antis" movement during the Cultural Revolution, he said: The case of the 33-person counter-revolutionary clique in Hefei was the biggest case at that time. The first criminal, Shen Zhirui, was executed on February 16, 1970. The final date was August 16, 1968. The "One Strike, Three Antis" movement started with the "Instructions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Combating Counter-Revolutionary and Sabotage Activities" issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on January 30, 1970. That is to say, Shen Zhirui was shot and executed only half a month after the instruction was issued killed.

The famous murder case of Yu Luoke was sentenced to death on March 5, 1970 with the approval of the Beijing Public and French Military Control Commission of the Chinese People's Liberation Army and the Supreme People's Court, and was executed immediately. The time when Yu Luoke was killed was 20 days different from the time when Shen Zhirui was shot.

The verdict found that Yu Luoke, male, born in 1942, Han nationality, a native of Beijing, came from a capitalist family, was a student, was an apprentice at the Beijing People's Machinery Factory, and lived at No. 13, East 5th Floor, South Sanlitun, Chaoyang District, Beijing. His parents were rightists, and his father was a counter-revolutionary. The prisoner was extremely reactionary. Since 1963, he had spread a large number of reactionary speeches, wrote tens of thousands of words of reactionary letters, poems and diaries, viciously slandered and slandered the proletarian headquarters, and wrote more than ten reactionary articles during the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. Published and distributed all over the country to rebel against the revolutionary public opinion, and recruited more than a dozen anti-revolutionary and bad elements in this city and other places, planned to organize a counter-revolutionary group, and threatened to carry out conspiracy and assassination activities, in an attempt to overthrow our proletarian dictatorship. While the prisoner was detained, the counter-revolutionary arrogance was still very arrogant. When the crime is heinous, the people are very angry.

In the famous case of Lin Zhao during the Cultural Revolution, Lin Zhao was secretly executed in April 1968. The time when Lin Zhao was murdered was nearly two months after Shen Zhirui was shot.

Lin Zhao, born in 1932. Lin Zhao is a weak woman who grew up in Suzhou, south of the Yangtze River, with a gentle and elegant personality, but her decisive, majestic, heroic rebellious spirit and Zhuoyi spirit of pursuing freedom in the era of "all horses are silent" can shock the world, make ghosts and gods cry, and make people cry. Zhao sun and moon, after a thousand years, it will still make people weep and bloody.

Please listen to Lin Zhao's bloody and sonorous confession: "I am Lin Zhao...you write it down, in the forest of Shuangmu Thirty-six, the day when the knife is on the mouth is Zhao! It is good to have the knife on the mouth, It doesn’t matter if the knife is on the head, since I’m here today, I don’t have so much time to think about so many things!” “I know what it means to be a rebel under our system, and taking the path of a rebel is very important in our system. What will happen under the system." "At most, they will die! They have decided to kill them, and the result of begging them is exactly the same as begging them!" "No, I am not wrong, and I will never bow to the evil." "How can I admit my mistake! I am not wrong!" "Interests can be discussed, but right and wrong cannot be blurred!" "It's all yours if you have no reason! It's all Lin Zhao's fault if you have reason!" "I'm not afraid that you will grind Lin Zhao to powder. Every bone dregs in my body is just a seed of resistance!"

This superficially weak, bloody woman was born in a family with a democratic atmosphere. There are family "political genes". Her father was British educated and influenced by "Westminster democracy". In the Republic of China era, he was clean and clean when he was in politics. Her uncle was an early communist who was killed in the "April 12" Incident in 1927. She "inherited court training from a young age" and learned from an early age that "you must be responsible for all your actions." During the anti-rightist movement in 1957, she said a few words of justice for the besieged Peking University classmates, and thus began her tragic fate. First he was classified as a rightist, and later he was labeled as a counter-revolutionary and imprisoned. The bad luck was also accompanied by her independent inspection of the country, society, and nation, and this kind of inspection brought her even greater bad luck until she went to the execution ground.

The core of Lin Zhao's investigation and pursuit is freedom, and he is well aware of the difficulty of building a free society in this country. "It's clear what we're against, but what are we trying to build? It's not an easy task to conceptualize freedom as a blueprint and build life concretely according to it, especially in a world like this." It is even more complicated and arduous to build it in a country that is scattered and deeply ill!"

After Lin Zhao, another Zhang Zhixin appeared in China. Shen Zhirui, Lin Zhaodu

It is the birth of the Anti-Rightist Movement. Shen Zhirui took his younger brother to join the New Fourth Army in his early years, and later studied in the Anti-Japanese University. Shen Zhirui participated in the Liaoshen Campaign, served as an artilleryman and a tank soldier, made meritorious deeds, and shed blood. After the liberation of Shenyang, he participated in military control, then worked in the Shenyang City Federation of Trade Unions, and worked in Shenyang No. 11 Middle School. In the early 1950s, he was transferred to Shanghai Beijiao Middle School as the vice principal. Suggestions were made for educational work. During the anti-rightist movement, because the school failed to meet the rightist targets, and because he had made suggestions on the school’s education, he regarded these suggestions as rightist remarks, was labeled as a rightist, and was escorted to Baimaoling Farm Reeducation through Labor. After removing his rightist hat, he was sent to work in a brick kiln factory in Hefei.

The difference between Zhang Zhixin and Shen Zhirui and Lin Zhao is that she is a child of the Cultural Revolution.

Zhou Jianguo said:

Lin Zhao was secretly executed in April 1968. The time when Lin Zhao was murdered was nearly two months behind the time when Shen Zhirui was shot. Zhang Zhixin was criticized in January 1969. It is hard to know how Shen Zhirui, who was unjustly killed, felt about the Cultural Revolution, but Zhang Zhixin had already begun to think about the Cultural Revolution before the deaths of Shen Zhirui and Lin Zhao. And from thinking about the Cultural Revolution to "counter-revolution", he was executed in February 1975. There is a difference of 5 years between Shen Zhirui and Shen Zhirui who was shot on February 16, 1970.

All three died of "counter-revolutionary" crimes. Shen Zhirui is a revolutionary soldier-party cadre-rightist-counter-revolutionary, Lin Zhao is a college student-rightist-counter-revolutionary, Zhang Zhixin is a government official-criticized-counter-revolutionary. But Lin Zhao is a non-Party person, and Shen Zhirui and Zhang Zhixin are members of the Communist Party.

From the anti-rightist movement to the Cultural Revolution, from the fight against "anti-Party and anti-socialist rightists" to "the emphasis is on consolidating those in power who take the capitalist road within the party", which marks the transformation of China's political movement from outside the party to inside the party, from local to political. Comprehensive, from a certain range of criticism to the escalation of nationwide unrest. Shen Zhirui, Lin Zhao, and Zhang Zhixin not only have different personal roles, but also faced great differences in the historical environment, which determines the process of suffering, the form of resistance, and the language used by the three are quite different.

But this difference is not important. What is important is that all three of them have moved from independent thinking to resolute resistance, and continued to think deeply during the struggle, and thinking made their struggle more resolute, deeper, and more resolute, so that they could face death with generosity, calmness, and righteousness.

Zhang Zhixin worked in the Propaganda Department of the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee before the persecution. Born in Tianjin, Hebei Province in 1930, he studied at Tianjin Normal University in Hebei Province. Both parents are intellectuals. Her father was a teacher in the Music Department of Hebei Provincial Teachers College in the 1930s, but was dismissed for questioning and exposing the school's unreasonable behavior. He has a sense of justice. I told the children many times: You must remember Mr. Sun Yat-sen's words: the revolution has not yet succeeded, and comrades still need to work hard. China needs your generation to develop, not to be stupid people. Like Lin Zhao, family influence cannot be ignored in Zhang Zhixin's growth. As she said when she applied to join the Communist Party in 1952: "Influenced by her parents, she developed a strong and hard-working character and an unyielding spirit in her childhood and adolescence."

Zhang Zhixin has a firm belief and at the same time is a firm and fearless pursuer of the truth. This kind of firm and fearless persistence has reached the level of selflessness: "Although there are tens of thousands of people, I will go there"! This is true for Lin Zhao, and even more so for Zhang Zhixin. Lin Zhao was luckier than Zhang Zhixin in that she also had a small group of "Spark" magazine comrades from the wilderness of the Northwest, and several Peking University alumni who were in the same heart as Zhang Yuanxun, who was classified as a rightist. But the poor Zhang Zhixin, like Shen Zhirui, was always alone, without companions, without a like-minded person. He was alone, doubting, thinking, exploring, seeking truth, fighting, and resisting in absolute isolation until he went to the execution ground.

Lin Zhao wrote 140,000 words of opinion in prison, and Zhang Zhixin also wrote more than 100,000 words of thinking materials in prison. But Shen Zhirui left nothing behind. Little is known about Shen Zhirui's persecution.

Shen Zhirui was sentenced to death for the crime of "the first criminal of a counter-revolutionary group". It can be said that it was the first victim of the "May 16 Counter-revolutionary Group" and the "One Attack, Three Antis" movement during the Cultural Revolution. The name Shen Zhirui is relatively unfamiliar to most Chinese people, but he is destined to be the first person in the history of the People's Republic of China to oppose extreme left, authoritarian, and dark forces. The deaths of Lin Zhao and Zhang Zhixin were both cases of personal persecution, while the death of Shen Zhirui represented the demise of a "May 16 counter-revolutionary group", and he was the "leader" of this "group".

Zhou Jianguo sighed: There are many experts and scholars studying the history of the Cultural Revolution, but I still can’t find any detailed information about the investigation of the “May 16 Counter-Revolutionary Group” and the “One Attack Three Anti” movement in Hefei City during the Cultural Revolution. Covered history.