Origin of the surname Long

 

Origin of the surname Long

 

Among the various legends of the Chinese nation, the legend of the dragon has the longest history, and the image of the dragon is the most deeply rooted in the hearts of the Chinese nation. As early as 6,000 years ago, the image of the dragon was born, which can be confirmed from the 6,000-year-old dragon pattern carved from clam shells found in Puyang, Henan. The dragon has been revered by the ancestors of China in ancient times. It is the consensus of the Chinese nation that Yan and Huang are their ancestors for five thousand years, and their clans use the dragon as their totem. The surname Long also has a long history. According to statistics, the surname Long ranks 85th among the top 100 surnames in China today. The origins of the surname Long are roughly as follows:

(1) Descendants of Long Xing, a minister of the Yellow Emperor. According to records in "The Origin of Surnames" and "Chronicles of Bamboo Books" by Zhang Shu of the Qing Dynasty: "The Yellow Emperor's ministers have dragons walking around." According to various historical records, the Yellow Emperor lived in Youxiong, which is today's Xinzheng City, Henan Province. As an emperor, he was very important. Naturally, Long Xingxing, one of the ministers, should live in Youxiong, so this dragon surname comes from Xinzheng City, Henan Province.

(2) Descendants of Nayanlong during the reign of Shun. According to records in books such as "Tongzhi Clan Briefing", "Guangyun" and "Yuanhe Surnames Collection", Shun had a minister named Long, named Nayan ("Shu Yaodian" said that Nayan was responsible for announcing the emperor's orders) An official, equivalent to the position of Shangshu Ling in later generations. It is said in "Shu Jing" and "Shun Dian": "I order you to do the bidding, and I will tell you to pay the bills day and night." This refers to the matter of Long Ren accepting the words. His descendants took the surname Long. Shun's activity area was mainly in southern Shanxi, so this branch of the surname Long should come from today's Shanxi Province.

(3) With his own surname, he is a descendant of the Chuanlong family. According to "Zuo Zhuan·The 29th Year of Zhao Gong", "Tongzhi Clan Brief" and "Famous Xian Clan Words and Deeds" records, Dong's father once tamed dragons for Emperor Shun, so he was given the surname Dong and was appointed as the Huanlong clan. One of his descendants took Long as their surname. Dong's father is a descendant of Huangdi. Huangdi is his surname, so the emperor has his own surname. According to legend, Tuanlong City in Linying County, Henan Province today was Dong's father's fiefdom. Another theory is that Dong's father's fiefdom was located in the northwest of Dingtao County, Shandong Province today.

(4) Descendants of the Yulong clan. "A Survey of Surnames" quoted from the "Jijiupian of Surnames" records that the surname Long comes from the Yulong family, which looks out to Wuling and Tianshui. Liu Lei, a descendant of Emperor Yao, once learned the technique of taming dragons from the Huanlong clan, so he was given the title of Yulong clan by Kong Jia, the 13th generation of the Xia Dynasty, and was responsible for taming several of Kong Jia's dragons. This matter is seen in "Historical Records·Xia Benji" . One of Liu Lei's descendants has Long as their surname. "Historical Records • Zhengyi" quotes the record in "Kuo Di Zhi": "Liu Lei's old city is fifty-five miles south of Fengshi County, Luozhou." Fengshi County, Luozhou is located south of today's Yanshi County, Henan Province, so this The surname Zhilong also comes from Henan.

(5) In the Western Han Dynasty, Piaoyang had the surname Ke. According to the "Huayang Guozhi" written by Chang Xu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the surname of Yaoyang Ke included the Long family. Piaoyang Kejun was established in the Western Han Dynasty, and its administrative seat is in the northwest of Kaili County, Guizhou Province today.

(6) Descendants of the royal families of Qiemi (today's Shanshan County) and Yanqi (forty miles southwest of today's Yanqi) in the ancient Western Regions. According to the "History of the North" written by Li Yanshou of the Tang Dynasty: "King Qiemi and King Yanqi both had the surname Long." Yanqi was a kingdom in the Western Regions during the Western Han Dynasty. When Long Hui was its king, the country was very powerful, east of Congling. The region's reputation spread far and wide. Later, his son Long Xi succeeded to the throne. After Long Xi, the Dragon surname gradually integrated into the Central Plains cultural circle and became an important part of the Long family.

(7) During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the chiefs of Longpan, one of the ethnic minorities located in Huishui, Guizhou Province today, all had the surname Long. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, their descendants integrated into the Han, Buyi, Shui, Miao and other ethnic groups.

(8) The surname Long was derived from the Sinicization of the Lu Sipu clan of the Yi ethnic group. The Chinese meaning of Lu Si Pu is the Dragon clan. Later, the people of this clan took the surname Long. In addition, the surname Long is also an important surname for ethnic minorities such as the Hui and Miao ethnic groups.

From the origin of the Dragon surname, we can know that the earliest active areas of the Dragon surname should be in Henan and Shanxi. Later, due to various reasons, people with the Dragon surname began to move out continuously. Around the Xia Dynasty, a branch of the Dragon family moved eastward to where it is today. Longganji in the southwest of Juye County, Shandong Province. During the Spring and Autumn Period, a small vassal state called Longyi existed in the southwest of today's Tai'an City.

Before the Han Dynasty, people with the Long surname had begun to move into central Sichuan, and later moved from central Sichuan to Guizhou. By the Han Dynasty, people with the surname Long were already active in many places. During this period, people with the surname Long were mainly active in today's Gansu, Hubei, Hunan, Henan, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and other regions. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, historical changes caused the Long family to absorb many new branches. Some ethnic minorities joined the Long family, and the activities of people with the Long surname became wider. At the same time, people with the surname Long living in the Central Plains moved south in large numbers to avoid war, and the number of people with the surname Long in the south increased dramatically.

In the third year of Chongning in the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 1104), Long Haiqing, who was originally from Putian, Fujian, was ordered to be granted the title of Qiongzhou Headquarters. He led thousands of troops to station in Hainan. They landed at Xiayang near Guannanxu, Huiwen Town, Wenchang County. Haiqing's descendants settled in Wenchang, and Long Haiqing became the ancestor of the Long surname to enter Hainan. Later, a branch of the Dragon surname from Yongxin, Jiangxi Province, moved to Chaling Dongshan, Hunan Province. In the early years of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, it moved from Dongshan to Youxian. In the second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1369 AD), Long Xiusan, who was originally from Jishui County, Jiangxi Province, led his brothers to move to Hunan. During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, Long Youhong from Dongting Mountain in Taihu Lake moved to Songjiang.

At the end of the 19th century, many people with the surname Long in search of livelihood took ships to Southeast Asia and settled in Singapore, Malaya, Indonesia and other places. The ancestors of Singapore's surname Long were looking for a livelihood after coming south. In 1903, they settled in the Lion City. A "Long's Temple" was established so that fellow villagers who came to Nanyang could gather together to worship their ancestors and promote feelings and mutual help among people with the Dragon surname. The "Long's Temple" later developed into the "Qiongya Long's Guild" and then the "Singapore Long's Guild". Starting from the 21st generation of the Long surname, the order of the dragon surname in Singapore is as follows: Wuling has its origin, Putian The official status is ascended, the official reputation is in southern Guangdong, and the heroes are inherited. Based on this ranking, the Singaporean surname Long is likely to be the descendant of Long Haiqing, who moved to Hainan during the Northern Song Dynasty, or the people surnamed Long among the officers and soldiers he led.

The family surnamed Long has produced many outstanding figures in the history. There have been many outstanding figures in the history of the Long family, such as Long Zi mentioned in "Mencius", Uncle Long mentioned in "Lieh Zi", and General Long of the Wei State. Jia, Xiang Yu's general Long Dan. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Long Shu served as the prefect of Lingling. There was a famous poet Long Taichu in the Northern Song Dynasty. Long Huamin of the Ming Dynasty was proficient in astronomy and calendar. During the Wanli period, he co-authored "New Method Arithmetic" with Xu Guangqi and others in Beijing. In the Qing Dynasty, there was a famous legendary writer Long Xie, whose works such as "Qionghua Dream" and "Yingrong City" were praised by people at that time; Long Ruyan once served as Secretary of the Cabinet and wrote "Ci Yan Zhai Collection"... These People with the surname Long have made their own contributions to the development of the Chinese nation through their own efforts.