Wake up（211）

 

211

 

Night fell. The train was panting heavily, broke through the darkness, and drove along the railway in Jiangsu to the distant place in the dark night. When Zhou Jianguo, Pan Guangfu, and Chai Jianmin continued to chat about things and people in the army during the Cultural Revolution, they mentioned Xu Shiyou.

During the Cultural Revolution, the grassroots had nothing to do with him. That period of history can only be written as a novel or as a screenplay, and the crazy memories of those twists and turns are printed on paper. In fact, no one dares to write it, and no one wants to write it. It was like a train rumbling through a cave, roaring, and sweeping back along both sides of the road was only darkness, and nothing could be seen clearly.

Gradually, the speed of the train speeds up, and it is speeding forward like lightning, the sun rises and the moon sets, time flows, and the memory gradually fades away.

As the commander of the Nanjing Military Region, Xu Shiyou intervened in the Cultural Revolution in Jiangsu very early on. In July 1966, he sent a large number of cadres from the military region to join the work team stationed at Nanjing University. Liang Jiqing, Deputy Political Commissar of the Jiangsu Provincial Military Region, Du Fangping, Director of the Defense Industry Department of the Nanjing Military Region, and Wu Dasheng, Deputy Director of the Logistics Department of the Nanjing Military Region, also served as the deputy captains of the Nanjing University task force. However, when it came time to criticize the reactionary line of the bourgeoisie, he ordered Liang, Du and Wu to fight back in November, exposing the inside story of the work team's black materials on teachers and students. This move was later praised by Zhang Chunqiao.

Since then, Xu Shiyou has repeatedly exposed the "crimes" of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee. After the "February Countercurrent" in 1967, Tan Zhenlin was criticized. What made it worse was that someone in the Nanjing Military Region exposed him as a "traitor" and was knocked down. Xu Shiyou supported this exposure, because Jiang Qing once read in the tabloids at the time that Comrade Xu Shiyou made another contribution by exposing Tan Zhenlin's traitor problem!

Jiangsu's seizure of power on 126 received strong support from the Nanjing Military Region headed by Xu Shiyou, and four companies of troops were dispatched to support it that day. On the 31st, the rebels held a power-seizure oath meeting, and Rao Zijian, the deputy commander of the military region, attended and spoke.

After seizing power, the army formally intervened in the Cultural Revolution. The conflict between Xu Shiyou and the rebels became prominent. In addition to issues such as "suppression of rebellions", the rebels carried out the "Back to Xu" campaign in the summer of 1967. It is difficult to say who is right and who is wrong in these contradictions and conflicts, which can be regarded as a civil war among the rebels.

Now, party history experts describe the "January Revolution" in Shanghai as a "counter-revolutionary seizure of power," and this is the main crime Xu Jingxian was sentenced to. If Shanghai's seizure of power was counter-revolutionary in nature, Jiangsu's seizure of power should also be counter-revolutionary in nature, and Xu Shiyou was the counter-revolutionary backstage. Of course, some people don't see it this way, and it cannot be said that Xu Shiyou was a political opportunist. He participated in the Cultural Revolution led by Mao Zedong. Many cadres at that time did this. Xu Shiyou's behavior cannot be specifically blamed. Of course, Xu Shiyou cannot be described as a hero who resisted the Cultural Revolution as portrayed in many books and memoirs.

During the Cultural Revolution, Xu Shiyou did what other cadres failed to do. One is to catch the May 16th members, and the other is to send down the city residents.

Zhou Jianguo described the previous incident:

Li Wenqing's article "A Closer Look at Xu Shiyou (1967-1985)" published by the Liberation Army Literature and Art Publishing House said: In Jiangsu, Xu Shiyou wrote a report to Mao Zedong in 1971 and said: "During the 'one attack and three anti', we found that we have many' May 16 elements not only exist in the localities, but also in the army. According to incomplete statistics, I have confessed that there are more than 1,190 people participating in the "May 16" counter-revolutionary conspiracy group, and more than 2,000 suspects." Six early days.

The official "Nanjing City Chronicle" records: "The investigation of the 'May 16 Elements' has become a large-scale, long-term, cruel struggle, and extremely harmful movement. From April 1970 to 1974 when the Municipal Revolutionary Committee launched In May, the Municipal Party Committee officially announced the end of the campaign. The campaign lasted for more than four years. 1,083 units above the district level in the city carried out "deep excavation", accounting for more than 80% of the total number of units. More than one million people were mobilized for the campaign, and a large number of cadres and the masses were beaten became "May 16 Elements", and 250 people were persecuted to death during the movement. Most of the more than 160 cadres above the ministry and bureau level in the former city-level organs were classified as "May 16 Elements". There were 17 people, 13 people were quarantined and put on the 'big list', accounting for 76%. There were 12 cadres who were former members of the Standing Committee of the Municipal Party Committee, deputy mayor or above. Except for those who were sick, 9 of the 10 people were listed as 'five One or six elements', accounting for 90%, 2 people were imprisoned, 5 people were "sealed and isolated". Many families were destroyed. After smashing the 'Gang of Four', history returned to its original appearance. On March 13, 1979, the Nanjing Municipal Party Committee announced that there was no 'May 16 Element' in Nanjing, let alone the so-called 'May 16 Counter-Revolutionaries'. Group', the original conclusions made by some comrades under review are invalidated and destroyed."

With a population of one million in Nanjing, 270,000 were arrested. For the Yangzijiang Machinery Manufacturing Plant with 6,000 employees, 2,000 were arrested. Jiang Tengjiao later became a May 16 member. 90% of the students in Sun Yat-sen Forestry School are May 16. May 16 cleared by many units in the Yancheng prefecture accounted for more than 40% of the number of people.

In the book "A Closer Look at Xu Shiyou (1967-1985)", in addition to praising Xu Shiyou, it also ridiculed those who were falsely accused of May 16, saying, "It's strange, it's strange, the 'May 16' hat is vying to wear it" . Yes, who wants to wear that "counter-revolutionary cabal" hat? The story behind this is kept secret in the book.

An insider said: "The reason why many people admit that they are May 16 is mostly the result of forced confessions. In digging into the 'May 16' movement, many task forces used binding, hanging, beating, pressing, kneeling Tiles, sitting on a tiger bench, scalding the body with a branding iron, feeding manure, pouring water on top, wearing a sheepskin coat on a hot day, and other tortures have left many victims maimed and mentally disturbed. During the May 16 Movement, 27 people committed suicide due to torture.

The key inventory units in Nanjing are Nanjing University and Factory 734. These two units were taken over by the provincial "deep digging propaganda team". They clamored: "We need to dig three feet! Don't leak anything, catch everything!". Factory 734 beat more than a thousand May 16th members. During Nanjing University's "May 16 investigation" campaign, Yang Shijie, the vice president in charge of scientific research, had nothing to do with the so-called "May 16 movement", but was "isolated and reviewed" and severely beaten. Unable to bear the humiliation, he committed suicide. Qian Xinmin, a young teacher in the Department of Computer Mathematics, was "criticized and struggled" and beaten. Unable to bear the persecution, he fled to Tiaoyanziji in the suburbs of Nanjing and committed suicide. Zhu Yaoxin, a teacher of the Department of Astronomy, was "separated for review" and severely beaten while working on a farm in Liyang. He tried to escape at night, but accidentally fell into the pond and died.

Zhou Jianguo narrated the story of Li Xiangzhi, the deputy head of the Nanjing Song and Dance Troupe and actress Li Xiangzhi, who was brutally killed during the investigation of the "May 16" movement.

At the beginning of the Cultural Revolution, Li Xiangzhi rebelled and was elected as a member of the service group of the "Red Rebel Team", a rebel organization of the Provincial Song and Dance Troupe. She posted a big-character poster opposing the use of an actress to accompany the head of the dance, and wrote a letter of opinion to be sent to Beijing, asking the head of the central government to take the lead not to hire an actress to accompany the head dancer, but it was not sent. After seizing power in 1967, her group belonged to the Good Faction. In 1968, after the establishment of the Revolutionary Committee in Jiangsu Province, under the banner of the great alliance between the two factions, an organized and led brutal struggle began to persecute the broad masses of cadres and the masses. The first wave of persecution of the broad masses of cadres was the "cleaning up of the class ranks." Li Xiangzhi was ill at the time, so he was also taken to the cowshed and imprisoned, and was criticized as a "landlord element", "fake party member", and "anti-Party and chaotic army". It was not until May 20, 1970 that the quarantine was announced, but it was stated in the review materials that she had made a serious mistake, and the public was very angry.

A few months after Li Xiangzhi was released from isolation, she was again taken as a key target of the "May 16th" in August 1970. She was again detained for review in the May 7th Cadre School in Jiangsu Province, and was brutally persecuted. Mental disorder. In the end, the censors caught her crazy words and sentenced her to death. A public trial was held on September 2, 1971, and she was taken to the execution ground and shot. This case did not go through any judicial procedures, only two unintelligible instructions of the first deputy director of the Provincial Revolutionary Committee on August 2 and August 23: "Prisoner Li will be arrested immediately (should be 'arrested') ) arrested, locked up, and no one is allowed to be interrogated." "I agree with the opinion of the Political and Legal Team, and hope that the force level (should be 'immediately') will be executed."

"The Essence of Literature and History" reported this matter in the 7th issue of 2005. The deputy director mentioned here should refer to Wu Dasheng, the deputy director of the Revolutionary Committee and the deputy secretary of the provincial party committee who was in charge of investigating May 16. Li Wenqing's book says that he is "honest, upright, diligent and conscientious in his work, and bears the burden of hard work."

Wu Dasheng was loyal to Xu Shiyou, and Xu Shiyou was loyal to Mao Zedong. Except for his loyalty to his favorite emperor, Mao Zedong, Xu Shiyou resembled the Khmer Rouge. Not only did he exterminate the rebels, but he also took the opportunity to eliminate dissidents from senior military cadres like him. During the May 16 Movement in Jiangsu, Xu Shiyou opposed the boycott attitude of the Cultural Revolution, practiced it personally, and devoted himself fully. He personally interrogated the May 16 suspects, and even beat the deputy director of the political department of the military region under investigation. Zhao Jun, commander of the Jiangsu Provincial Military Region, has been in a labor camp, and this time he was beaten as May 16 again. Xu Shiyou personally interrogated him four times, each time beginning with swearing. After the fourth interrogation, Zhao still refused to admit that it was May 16th, so Xu Shiyou ordered him to go back to the military area and accept criticism.

Chen Guang, secretary of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee Secretariat, was also falsely accused of being the backstage of May 16 and thrown into prison.

On charges of May 16 and other crimes, most leading cadres in Jiangsu Province were imprisoned for a long time and suffered brutal persecution. Wang Zhiping, Minister of Communications of the Provincial Party Committee, and Gao Xiaoping, Minister of the United Front Work Department, were fought to death in the detention center.

In 1972, Xu Shiyou sent Wu Dasheng to send a package of materials to Ji Dengkui, who was in charge of investigating May 16 in the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, exposing Jiang Weiqing, the former first secretary of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee, as the head of Jiangsu May 16. Give him the task of developing May 16 in Jiangsu. He also said that Du Fangping, deputy director of the Military Control Commission of Jiangsu Province, accepted the task in Qi Benyu's office in Zhongnanhai. These are all outrageous materials, because there was no May 16th in February 1967, and Qi Benyu had no office at all.

Of course, Wu Dasheng, who is not very literate, may not be able to realize the contradiction.

Du Fangping was imprisoned for a long period of time as an important leader of May 16 in Jiangsu Province. In prison, he suffered all kinds of inhuman torture. Later, under Zhou Enlai's interrogation, the Organization Department of the Central Committee removed Du Fangping's May 16 hat, implemented the policy, and sent him back to the Nanjing Military Region to arrange work. However, the car that went to Beijing to meet Du Fangping did not send Du back to Nanjing, but instead took him to a county in Anhui Province and put him under house arrest. In total, he was imprisoned for nearly 10 years.

The train of the times is panting heavily, like a tired old cow, dragging more than a dozen carriages across the land of Jiangsu. The train was running, and the booming sound was like an explosion. The ten-year Cultural Revolution is over, but the memory of this period is deep.