Wake up（135）

 

135

 

The young Nan Shanyun couldn't answer: Why did Mao Zedong want to rectify the movement?

The character "Chuan" formed by his two thick eyebrows is constantly trembling, as clear as a knife carving.

The more he thought about it, the more confused he became, and his mind suddenly boiled like boiling water, jumping up like many small flames. These disorganized questions piled up in his mind like a mess, tangled together, and he couldn't make a clue. He sat facing the window, resting his chin on his left hand, and moving the mouse with his right hand. In his dilated eye sockets, his bright eyes moved slowly on the computer screen.

Nanshanyun searched and found an article. This article can confirm the attitude of other leaders of the Party Central Committee at that time from Deng Xiaoping's previous views on the political and ideological issues of teachers and students of Tsinghua University.

In January 1957, Deng Xiaoping, then General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, was assigned by Mao Zedong to Tsinghua University to give a report on studying "Re-discussing the Historical Experience of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat". This is according to a monograph published by the People's Daily after discussions by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee. Previously, the author, as a member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee of Tsinghua University and Director of Propaganda, went to Zhongnanhai with Secretary of the Party Committee and President Jiang Nanxiang, Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee Ai Zhisheng, and Secretary of the Youth League Committee Ruan Ming to report to Deng Xiaoping the proposals made by the teachers and students of Tsinghua University in the "re-discussion" study The many questions asked by him will prepare him for his report at the school. When the author reported that a student named Jiang Weihong from the Department of Architecture of Tsinghua University wrote a "Wan Yan Shu" praising Yugoslavia's workers' self-government and Tito's speech in Lapu, Deng Xiaoping interjected: "I read what he wrote, and the views are wrong. But his articles have logical thinking and good writing style. This young man has brains and talent. If you help him well, he can become a useful talent for the country in the future.” Obviously, at this time, Deng was still concerned about Jiang Weihong’s question. It was just a matter of ideological understanding and a contradiction among the people, and it was treated more realistically, and he was not regarded as a rightist, and he was also praised for the talent of this young student.

The author is very moved by Xiaoping's style of tolerance and pity. He recalled that when he came out of Zhongnanhai, Jiang Nanxiang also said to us: "It seems that the central government still understands the situation of the grassroots people very well." Everyone was very sympathetic to Deng Xiaoping and was quite relieved. Jiang Nanxiang was a little worried about the chaotic thinking among the students at that time, but after listening to Deng Xiaoping's talk, he also felt confident. As an alternate member of the Central Committee, he did not know or think that Chairman Mao and the Party Central Committee had any "overlord conspiracy".

However, during the anti-rightist campaign, Jiang Weihong did not escape the fate of the former rightist, and was exiled to the Great Northern Wilderness for many years. He was dictatorship again during the Cultural Revolution, and finally ran away during the labor reform at the May 7th Cadre School established by the Ministry of Construction and Industry in Henan.

On the evening of January 12, 1957, Deng Xiaoping came to Tsinghua University to give a report to the teachers and students of the school. He spoke for 5 hours. The report was divided into five points: (1) About the article "Re-discussing the Historical Experience of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat"; (2) ) about the system; (3) about democracy and dictatorship; (4) about the Soviet Union; (5) about hard work. It mainly sums up the lessons of the Soviet Communist Party and the CCP's countermeasures, criticizes some unhealthy trends within the party, and tries to clarify some doubts and erroneous thoughts of teachers and students. It is more realistic and in-depth. The report lasted until 12 o'clock in the evening, and was warmly welcomed by teachers and students of Tsinghua University. Later, when "criticizing Deng" in the late period of the Cultural Revolution, a former deputy secretary of the Tsinghua Party Committee, Hu Mou, who closely followed "Jiang Qing's two lackeys in Tsinghua—Chi Qun and Xie Jingyi", criticized Deng Xiaoping's report as "fanatically advocating revisions." doctrine".

Tsinghua University also has Wu Tianbao, a welding major in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, who reported that he openly threatened to kill tens of thousands of people. In this regard, Mao Zedong mentioned him several times in his speech at the meeting of party committee secretaries of provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in January 1957, but he also said: "Such a person is neither armed nor gun. What are you afraid of him doing?" Don't expel him, but stay as a "negative teacher". Lao Mao's words saved him from being pursued during the anti-rightist movement. It can also be said that even Mao Zedong did not intend to classify the students as rightists at the beginning and expand the scope of attack.

In this article, Nan Shanyun also read some things that he didn't know before.

Three high school students in Hunan wrote a letter to Chairman Mao, saying that if the college entrance examination is not allowed, we will riot with arms. ... If he wants to make trouble, let him die. Regarding the rectification movement, there will be troubles. Prepare to make trouble, it's inevitable, it's better to make trouble.

Left, center, and right, the left is in power, the center is attacking, and the right is even more attacking. If the attack is too bad, the centrists will criticize it. Then there will be great unity.

The essence of professors running a school is that you don't need to lead them. You can let him mention it, don't criticize it. People's Daily added an editor's note to Lei Haizong, a famous professor of history at Nankai University, saying that his views violated Marxism, which is a fool. Zhang Naiqi criticized the Central Propaganda Department, and the newspaper was deleted.

Write it off, don't refute it, it's going to be a mess, and the middle faction will speak up, and there will be a solution to this matter, and they will uphold justice. To bite the bullet and hold your breath.

From chaos to order, one order and one chaos, this is dialectics.

There will be no chaos in the world. After the peasants have embarked on the cooperative process, they are making a fuss!

The above is a conversation between Lu Ding and a member of the Standing Committee of the Tsinghua Party Committee. It was four days before Mao Zedong wrote "Things Are Changing". The intentions of the "rightists" did not fully understand Lao Mao's "Yangmou". Because "exposing the rightists" has repeatedly and publicly talked about it as early as when it proposed the double hundred policy. In January 1957, Chairman Mao's "Speech at the Meeting of Party Committee Secretaries of Provincial and Municipal Party Committees and Autonomous Regions", and his two speeches on the 18th and 27th, have clearly clarified his intention of agitating for the release of bells:

For democrats, we should let them sing the opposite, and let them criticize freely. If we don't, it's a bit like the KMT. ... The criticisms of democrats are nothing more than two kinds: one is wrong and the other is good. Good ones can make up for our shortcomings; wrong ones need to be refuted. As for people like Liang Shuming, Peng Hu, and Zhang Naiqi, let them fart. Let everyone smell it, whether it is fragrant or smelly, and after discussion, win the majority and isolate them. If they want to make trouble, let them make enough trouble. Unjust is doomed to destruction. The more mistakes they say, the better, and the bigger the mistakes they make, the better. In this way, the more isolated they are, the more they can educate the people from the negative side. We must unite and fight against democrats. He exposes, strikes later, not preemptively. Volume 5 of "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" records these words.

Nan Shanyun fell into deep thought: Comparing with Lu Dingyi's above speech, it is basically reproduced according to the spirit of Mao Zedong's passage. At this time, the "rightists" that Lao Mao wanted to "expose", "isolate" and attack were only "that kind" of democrats such as Liang Shuming, Peng Hu, and Zhang Naiqi, who dared to stand against him people. It does not include general democrats and famous professors and students. At that time, Peng Zhen and Lu Dingyi only regarded the "rightists" as an alien political and ideological faction or opposition group among the people, and only tried to expose them politically and then isolate them. Crack down on counter-revolutionaries.