Wake up（133）

 

Chapter 25 Rectification

 

133

 

Pan Guangfu, Wu Qiankun, Chai Jianhua, and He Jiafu talked about the anti-rightist movement and the Cultural Revolution, full of resentment and anger. The young Nanshan Yun sitting next to him didn't interrupt, but their ordeals made him start to torture himself: What is politics? Why is politics so cruel and ruthless? He doesn't want to live a mediocre life, nor is he willing to be an ordinary grassroots person. Since then, he has searched for information and data on Mao Zedong's rectification campaign on computers and mobile phones.

Nan Shanyun collected the speeches of some leaders of the Party Central Committee at that time, referring to other data and discussions, he had a preliminary understanding of the rectification movement.

Nan Shanyun understood Mao Zedong's original intention of launching the rectification movement. Mao Zedong originally wanted to rectify the style of work. However, what he wanted to rectify was different from the improvement of the relationship between the party and the masses and the relationship between the party and the government that the general public and intellectuals hoped for; The political situation and system of the "Party dictatorship"; it is also different from the understanding of rectification by other leading cadres in the party. He launched the rectification movement with multiple and complex motives.

Nan Shanyun thought that Mao Zedong's original intention of launching the rectification movement was to prevent corruption. As the leader of the peasant revolution, Mao Zedong was afraid of losing his position after he took power. He knows that the most dangerous thing is corruption that lies within. This gave him the deepest "Yin Jian" is the lesson of Li Zicheng, the leader of the peasant revolution in Chinese history, who quickly collapsed after he captured Beijing. During the Yan'an period, he asked the whole party to study Guo Moruo's "Jiashen Three Hundred Years Ceremony", in order to remember the lessons of Li Zicheng's downfall. At the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee before entering Beijing, he proposed to "be vigilant against the sugar-coated cannonball attack of the bourgeoisie" after taking power. Mao Zedong always believed that we went to the city to rush for the exam, and whether we can manage the country well, we have to learn the lesson of Li Zicheng. After entering the city, in 1950 there was a party consolidation within the party.

On October 30, 1951, Mao Zedong pointed out in the anti-corruption and waste instructions drafted for the Central Committee that this "is a major event for the whole party" and "it needs a big clean-up of the whole party to thoroughly expose all large, medium and small corruption incidents before we can stop many The extremely dangerous phenomenon of party members being corrupted by the bourgeoisie". At that time, he personally approved the killing of big corrupt criminals Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan among senior party cadres, which shocked the whole party and supported the whole people.

Later, Mao Zedong said in a talk to one of his relatives: "Governing the country is governing officials. Propriety, righteousness, honesty and shame are the four dimensions of the country. If the four dimensions are not stretched, the country will not be the country. If all the ministers are shameless, corrupt, and act recklessly, the country has nothing to do Govern them, and the world will be in chaos, and the common people will definitely be Li Zicheng, the Kuomintang is like this, and the Communist Party will be like this."

"When Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan were killed, I said that killing them saved two hundred, two thousand, or twenty thousand! Our Communist Party is not the Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty, and we will not be corrupt to that extent. Who wants to If I engage in corruption, I, Mao Zedong, will cut off the head. If I, Mao Zedong, are corrupt, the people will cut off my Mao Zedong’s head."

Mao Zedong always felt that party members and cadres would become corrupt after taking power, and it was up to the masses to rectify them. I want to correct the budding corruption that has already occurred in the Communist Party, so as not to endanger the country and society he has laid down.

The rectification movement in 1957 was decided by the central government as early as 1956. On November 5, 1956, Mao Zedong mentioned in his speech at the Second Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee: "We are preparing to launch a rectification movement next year. Rectification of three styles: first, subjectivism; second, sectarianism; third, bureaucracy. He focused on criticizing the bureaucratic and privileged ideological style within the party, saying:

"Now, there are some people who seem to have won the world, so they can sit back and relax and be tyrannical. The masses oppose such people. I think they should be hit by stones and hoes. I welcome them most. And sometimes, only fighting can solve the problem. Question. The Communist Party has to learn a lesson. Students take to the streets, workers take to the streets, and comrades should regard such things as good things....Workers should be allowed to strike, and the masses should be allowed to demonstrate. Demonstrations have a basis in the Constitution. In the future when the constitution is amended, I advocate the addition of a freedom to strike. Workers should be allowed to strike. This will help resolve the conflict between the state, factory managers and the masses. There are hundreds of thousands of cadres above the county party committee, and the fate of the country is in their hands. No, separation from the masses does not mean hard work, so workers, peasants, and students have reasons to disapprove of them. We must be vigilant, not to foster bureaucratic style, and not to form an aristocratic class that is divorced from the people. Whoever commits bureaucracy, If you don’t solve the problems of the masses, scold the masses, oppress the masses, if you don’t change, the masses will have a reason to remove him.”

On April 27, 1957, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China officially issued the "Instructions on the Rectification Movement". On May 2, "People's Daily" published an article titled "Why Rectification Movement? " editorial. Mao Zedong gave instructions: "Don't set up so many rules and regulations to restrict, but change. Fear of letting go is nothing more than fear of getting burned." As for other central leaders, at first they also emphasized that they should listen to the opinions of the masses sincerely and help the party to rectify.

Nan Shanyun suddenly encountered a big problem. He held his cheek in his left hand and played with his small ballpoint pen in his right hand, but no matter how he thought, he couldn't find a breakthrough to understand why rectification was necessary. He was a little anxious, so he just lay down on the table with his hands crossed, prostrate on the table, pouted, and drooped his head, but he still had no idea.

Why did Mao Zedong want to rectify the movement? No one can find the answer. Experts from all walks of life have their own opinions, and various party history records also have their own statements. This ghost topic has tossed three generations. Those who opposed the rectification were all rectified, and those who supported the rectification were also rectified. The rectification did not end here. Even today, some people still bring up the rectification, and the rectification has become a fine tradition. Anyone who dares to stop the rectification movement will be damned. Nanshan Yun sat up straight and stared straight ahead, but he still couldn't relax...