Wake up（279）

 

279

 

Cheng Jinghan and Cheng Yenan received Lin Beixue, Qin Xiling, Wanru and Nanyangsheng at Staunton's.

Nan Yangsheng said to Cheng Jinghan: Mr. Cheng, I am very grateful to you for helping me to complete the Hong Kong visa and work. I have been worrying about finding a job these years.

Cheng Jinghan said with a smile: You don't have to thank me, you should thank Wanru, she found you, she has been thinking about you. In order to let you work in Hong Kong, she entrusted Cheng Yenan, who is also a good guy. He is now working as an immigration agency, helping many mainlanders immigrate to Hong Kong, and he has many friends. When you arrive in Hong Kong, you can ask him for help if you encounter any difficulties.

Wan Ru said: "Cheng Lao, Nan Yang Sheng just came to Hong Kong, and he doesn't have a place to stay. He doesn't want to live in my house."

Cheng Jinghan smiled: "You haven't married Yang Sheng yet, how can you live together? Ha, I think Yang Sheng can live with Ye Nan first."

Ye Nan said to Nan Yangsheng: All right, it's decided.

Cheng Jinghan asked Nan Yangsheng: I heard that your mother is called He Zhonglan?

Nan Yangsheng: Yes.

Cheng Jinghan asked again: Where is your father?

Nan Yangsheng said: I don't have a father. My mother is the adopted daughter of my grandfather He Jiafu. Grandpa has never been married because of missing a leg. Later, he adopted a baby girl who was abandoned in the rice fields, and his grandfather named her He Zhongmiao. When He Zhongmiao grew up, he married Nan Lutong from the same village. He Zhongmiao and Nan Lutong gave birth to a baby boy. Nan Lutong is a migrant worker who has been away from home. He Zhongmiao lived upstairs with his younger sister Alan's house alone with the baby boy. One day, the baby boy cried all night, and Alan couldn't help asking the next day: What's wrong with the baby? He Zhongmiao said hesitantly: "I have no money to buy milk powder and diapers, and the child is hungry and uncomfortable. My husband forced me to go to other places to work together. I don't know what to do." Alan immediately decided to take care of the baby boy and let her My sister went to other places to find a job. That was in 1996. After the baby boy's biological mother, He Zhongmiao, gave the younger sister several times of raising money, she couldn't be contacted anymore.

Nan Yangsheng continued: This is what my grandfather's comrade-in-arms old Chinese doctor Chai Jianhua told me. It turned out that Tanaka Miao had suffered from depression for a long time and lost confidence in life. Nan Lutong has been working outside for a long time, and occasionally sends some money to Alan for childcare expenses, and the rest of the money is spent on treating Tian Zhongmiao's illness. But Tanaka Miao finally chose to commit suicide in despair. Shortly after Tanaka Miao's death, Nan Lutong died on the construction site due to an accident while working in other places.

Nanyang Sheng sighed:

The baby boy He Zhongmiao and Nan Lutong gave birth to was me. I suddenly lost my parents. My mother’s adoptive father, He Jiafu, my grandfather, lost a leg, but he still tried his best to take care of me.

Chai Jianhua, an old Chinese doctor, once told Nan Yangsheng: At this time, Alan wanted to adopt you and take you home from He Jiafu. But his husband, Jin Baojie, resolutely disagreed with the adoption due to the family's poor financial situation, and he asked Alan to send the child to the police station. Alan refused to agree. You are still cared for by He Jiafu alone. He loves you very much and named you Nanyangsheng.

Chai Jianhua said to Nan Yangsheng: Two years later, Alan came to He Jiafu again crying. Her husband, Jin Baojie, was beaten to death by a group of hooligans, and she is now a helpless widow. She hopes that He Jiafu can take her in as his goddaughter, so that she can take care of He Jiafu and the young Nanyang Sheng. Alan can be Nanyang Sheng's adoptive mother. He Jiafu agreed.

Alan said to He Jiafu again: "Don't call me Alan in the future, just call me He Zhongmiao. In this way, you will feel that your daughter is still alive and is always with you."

He Jiafu said: "At the beginning, your sister was abandoned by the rice field, so I named her He Zhongmiao. You are her younger sister, so let's call him He Zhonglan. You are a pair of life and death sisters."

Nan Yangsheng said to Cheng Jinghan: My biological mother is He Zhongmiao, and He Zhonglan is my adoptive mother and my aunt. When I was born, I was taken care of by her and my grandfather.

When Cheng Jinghan heard Nan Yangsheng say this, he looked numbly at his wife sitting at the table, who was also Cheng Yenan's mother Tongda.

At this time, Tongda suddenly stepped forward and hugged Nanyangsheng tightly, tears streaming down his face.

It turned out that Cheng Yenan's mother's full name was "Nan Tongda", and she was the biological sister of Nan Lutong, Nan Yangsheng's biological father.

Seeing that his wife Nan Tongda was crying, Cheng Jinghan lit a cigarette and began to tell the story about Nan Lutong and Nan Tongda.

The story has to start with the ins and outs of China's family planning policy.

In the early days of the Communist Party in power, after the Korean War, the Chinese government encouraged childbearing, and followed the example of the Soviet Union to give women with many children the titles of "heroic mothers" and "glorious mothers". At the same time, in April 1950 and January 1953, the Ministry of Health of the Central People's Government, the Ministry of Health of the People's Revolutionary Military Committee, and the Culture and Education Committee of the Central People's Government's Government Affairs Council successively issued the "Measures for Restricting Abortions of Female Cadres in Organs and Troops" and "Birth Control Restrictions". Interim Measures on Induced Abortion and Birth Control, restricting birth control and induced abortion. Mao Zedong said: "China's large population is a great thing... Under the leadership of the Communist Party, as long as there are people, any miracles in the world can be created."

In 1953, under the proposal of demographer Ma Yinchu and others, the Chinese government conducted the first national census in 1953. The final result on July 1 showed that the population of mainland China exceeded 600 million, an increase of more than 100 million over 1949 The population is large and the natural population growth rate exceeds 20‰.

In August 1953, Deng Xiaoping instructed the Ministry of Health to correct the policy restricting birth control. At the same time, Ma Yinchu, who was the president of Peking University at the time, and others immediately led a team to conduct investigations and research, and repeatedly proposed to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Chinese government to carry out "family planning" and "population control". people's approval. In December 1954, Liu Shaoqi, then chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, convened a discussion with the heads of several units of the State Council on the issue of birth control, pointing out that "the party is in favor of birth control."

In February 1955, the party group of the Ministry of Health submitted a report on birth control to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In March, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China stated in its commentary on the report: "Our party is in favor of appropriate birth control." In March 1956, the Ministry of Health issued the "Notice on Induced Abortion and Sterilization", which relaxed the restrictions on induced abortion and sterilization to at least four children. In September 1956, Zhou Enlai proposed "properly promoting birth control" in the "Report on Proposals for the Second Five-Year Plan for the Development of the National Economy". In October 1956, Mao Zedong pointed out that "husband and wife should draw up a family plan, stipulating how many children they will have in their lifetime." In February 1957, Mao Zedong said at the 11th (enlarged) meeting of the Supreme State Council, "We must promote birth control and have fewer births. Production must be planned. ... This government may set up a department and a plan Is the Ministry of Fertility good? Or set up a committee, the Birth Control Committee, as a government agency." In July of that year, Ma Yinchu published "New Population Theory", advocating population control.

In 1958, Mao Zedong and others launched the "Great Leap Forward", and his views on population began to change again. Mao Zedong said: "It should be realized that a large number of people is a good thing, and we will control it when the actual population is 750 to 800 million. There are still few people now, and it is difficult to ask farmers to use birth control....More people are better or less people are better? I said that it is still people. How wonderful, I’m afraid we need to develop a little more.” At this time, he did not completely deny family planning, he said, “I am in favor of birth control, and I am in favor of planned birth. It can be controlled like the Japanese. Now there are more people, and the momentum is greater. Be more vigorous. You must see the seriousness, and at the same time, don’t be so afraid. I am not afraid. If there are another 200 million people, I think the problem will be solved. If you go to the extreme, you will go to the opposite. Now I don’t think it has reached the extreme. China has a vast land and rich resources, and there is still a little field. What should we do if there are too many people to eat? Eat less. We must save. On the one hand, birth control must be emphasized, on the other hand, it must be economical, and it must become a trend." In April, Mao Zedong further proposed "the power of more people "big" point of view, he believes: "In addition to the leadership of the party, the population of 600 million is a decisive factor. There are many people, there are many discussions, the enthusiasm is high, and the drive is strong."

At the same time, when the "Anti-Rightist Movement" began in 1957, Ma Yinchu and his "New Population Theory" were gradually criticized nationwide, especially during the Great Leap Forward period, they were strongly opposed by Mao Zedong, Kang Sheng, Chen Boda and others; in 1960 He was forced to resign as president of Peking University, placed under house arrest, and subsequently removed from the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. During this period, Mao Zedong also asked people to tell Ma Yinchu: "Mr. Ma Yinchu does not admit defeat, does not surrender, you can continue to write articles and fight against us! He is a very good negative teacher!"

The Great Leap Forward directly caused a three-year difficult period. According to various estimates, tens of millions of people died abnormally as a result. In 1960, the first abnormal negative population growth occurred, so the family planning policy was shelved.

But after three difficult years, China experienced a compensatory baby boom in 1962, which was also called a baby boom. On December 28, 1962, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council immediately issued the "Instructions on Seriously Advocating Family Planning", proposing that "advocate birth control in cities and densely populated rural areas, properly control the natural growth rate of the population, and make the birth problem from unplanned The status quo is gradually moving towards a planned status, which is an established policy in the socialist construction of our country."

Since then, the Department of Maternal and Child Health of the Ministry of Health has established the Family Planning Division. In February 1963, Zhou Enlai emphasized that a large population "should definitely be a good thing, but there are also troubles in the advantages; in order to control births, two births for a couple are enough." However, before 1970, due to various factors, China's family planning was not effectively promoted. By 1969, China's population exceeded 800 million.

In the early 1970s, the attitude of Mao Zedong and others changed, and the Chinese government began to implement family planning in earnest. In the Fourth Five-Year Plan, it put forward the slogan "one is not too much, two is just right, and three is too much". In July 1971, the State Council forwarded the "Report on Doing a Good Job in Family Planning" by the Ministry of Health and others. In 1972, the Ministry of Health put forward the concept of "late, rare, and small" population policy. In July 1973, the State Council set up a family planning leading group, with Hua Guofeng as the team leader. In December, the first national family planning work report meeting determined the policy of "late, rare, and few", advocating late marriage and two births per couple. Children, every four years or so, the family planning work is fully implemented. At that time, family planning used methods such as forced sterilization, forced abortion and even infanticide.

In 1976, China's population reached 930 million. In 1977, the National People's Congress proposed: "By the end of this century, we must strive to control my country's population within 1.2 billion." In 1978, Article 53 of the new Constitution stipulated that "the state promotes and implements family planning." The new State Council Family Planning Leading Group held its first meeting. Chen Muhua, an alternate member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, served as the head of the State Council Family Planning Leading Group. The task proposed is to reduce the natural population growth rate of our country to less than 1% within three years.

The government work report of the Fifth National People's Congress stated that from 1981 to 1985, the natural population growth rate of the country should be reduced to about 9 per thousand. This goal is an arduous task entrusted to the whole party, the army and the people of the whole country by the general task of the new era. And an honorable task. Advanced individual and collective for planning students. Give praise and encouragement. Individual cadres, party members, and workers should be educated instead of delaying marriage and birth control, and criticizing and self-criticizing those who have a bad influence among the masses; Class enemies who undermine family planning must be exposed in a timely manner and resolutely attacked. Social and economic policies and other regulations on the distribution of rural rations and urban housing distribution should be conducive to the development of family planning work.

At the end of 1978, Deng Xiaoping became China's second-generation supreme leader, leading the way to bring order out of chaos, and Ma Yinchu and others were rehabilitated.

On March 30, 1979, Deng Xiaoping mentioned at the CCP’s Theoretical Work Retreat: “To enable China to realize the four modernizations, at least two important characteristics must be seen: one is a weak foundation...the second is the population There is more land, but less arable land. Now the country has a population of more than 900 million, of which 80% are farmers. There are advantages and disadvantages in having more people. Under the conditions of insufficient development of production, food, education and employment are all at a disadvantage. It has become a serious problem. We will vigorously strengthen the family planning work, but even if the population does not increase after a few years, the problem of large population will still exist for a period of time. There is little cultivated land and a large population, especially farmers. This situation is not very It is easy to change. This has become a feature that must be considered in China's modernization drive."

Since then, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun, Hua Guofeng, Li Xiannian and other leaders of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China have successively expressed their support for the family planning policy, while Chen Yun and others took the lead in proposing the strict "one-child policy". On June 1, 1979, Chen Yun said in a conversation that "we need to formulate a law that clearly stipulates that only one child is allowed. I said it should be tougher and clearly stipulate that 'only one child is allowed'. Prepare to be scolded and cut off children and grandchildren. Otherwise, there will be no children in the future." gone."

As a result, from 1979 to 1990, China enforced the "one child" policy. In 1979, 27 of the country's 29 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities issued their own family planning regulations, clearly stipulating the use of economic, administrative, and legal means to control births. By the first half of 1980, except Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia, all provinces, cities, and districts had promulgated interim regulations on family planning, and imposed severe economic and administrative penalties on those who violated the regulations.

In May 1982, Qian Xinzhong succeeded Chen Muhua as the director of the National Family Planning Commission. In December 1982, the "1982 Constitution" was passed. Article 25 of the Constitution stipulates that "the state promotes family planning," and Article 49 stipulates that "both husband and wife have the obligation to practice family planning." According to this constitutional amendment, Qian Xinzhong proposed that "one child should be circumcised, and the second child be sterilized." In 1983 alone, 17.76 million cases of circumcision were performed, 16.4 million women were sterilized, 4.26 million men were sterilized, and 14.37 million induced abortions were performed. But in December 1983, Qian Xinzhong was dismissed.

It turned out that Cheng Yenan's mother's full name was "Nan Tongda", and she was the biological sister of Nan Lutong, Nan Yangsheng's biological father.

At this point, Cheng Jinghan lit another cigarette. He said to Nanyangsheng: Your biological father is Nan Lutong, and your biological mother is A Cui. A Cui is what you call He Zhongmiao. He Zhongmiao was an abandoned baby who was later adopted as an adopted daughter by He Jiafu.

When A Cui grew up, she married Nan Lutong. Nan Lutong was a civil servant at the time. He and A Cui had a daughter, and A Cui later gave birth to a son. This violated the Constitution and the family planning policy. In addition to being fined, Nan Lutong was also fired from public office. In order to make a living, Nan Lutong had to go out to work. For this reason, Nan Lutong secretly entrusted his newborn son to his sister Nan Tongda. But after the local Family Planning Commission found out the matter, they broke into Nantongda's home and took away the newborn baby boy.

At this moment, Nan Tongda wiped away his tears and said: After the child was taken away, I couldn't explain to my brother. I was devastated at the time. Ask around for the whereabouts of the child. Later I heard that the child was adopted by a colleague of Nan Lutong who was working in the government at the time. Because this colleague has no children after many years of marriage. But I failed to find this colleague.

Cheng Jinghan said to his son Cheng Yenan: Yenan, let you tell what happened next.

Cheng Yenan said: I have been helping my mother find the child, but there is no clue. Later, Wanru asked me to help Nanyang Sheng apply for a Hong Kong visa, so I deliberately went to the mainland and went to Lingnan Town. Through connections, we found out about Nanyangsheng's birth in the local area. It turned out that his mother was an abandoned daughter who was adopted by a disabled old man. His mother adopted three children successively, the eldest being Nan Yangsheng. In order to legally go through the relevant procedures, I visited He Jiafu, a disabled elderly man, and He Zhonglan, the adoptive mother born in Nanyang.

Cheng Yenan continued: He Jiafu told me that his adopted daughter He Zhongmiao married Ah Nan from the same village as an adult and had a son. Ah Nan went out to look for a job and never came home. In order to find a husband, He Zhongmiao also decided to go out to work, so she entrusted her newborn child to her neighbor Alan to take care of her. After He Zhongmiao had paid Alan several times for child support, he could not be contacted anymore. Legend has it that He Zhongmiao's husband died on the construction site due to an accident. He Zhongmiao suffered from depression and finally chose to commit suicide in despair. He Jiafu did not believe that his adopted daughter would abandon him and commit suicide.

He Jiafu lost his adopted daughter and fell into loneliness again. Two years later, He Zhongmiao's neighbor Alan found him. Her former husband, Jin Baojie, was beaten to death by a group of hooligans. Now she is a helpless widow. I hope that He Jiafu can take her in as his goddaughter. young children. Alain is now the child's adoptive mother.

He Jiafu immediately agreed. Because this child is the son left by his adoptive daughter. He Jiafu named the child Nanyangsheng, and changed Alan's name to He Zhonglan.

Cheng Yenan suddenly turned to his mother and said: To my surprise, when I chatted with He Jiafu, he told me that his son-in-law, the husband of his adopted daughter He Zhongmiao, Ade, is named Nan Lutong.

The elder brother of Cheng Yenan's mother is also called Nan Lutong. There are not many people with the surname Nan in China. Is there such a coincidence in the world with the same name and surname?

In order to find out the real situation, Cheng Yenan gave a generous gift to the clerk of the local police station, and found relevant information about Nanlutong. His parents died long ago and there is no detailed information, but he has a younger sister named Nanluda who lives in Heyuan, Guangdong. No detailed address.

Cheng Jinghan said to Nan Yangsheng: Ye Nan told me about this after he came back from Lingnan Town. Luda and I did live in Heyuan for a while back then, and Ye Nan was born in a small wood there, so we took the name "Yan Nan".

At this time, Nan Luda took an old photo album from the back room, pointed to a photo in it and said, this photo is a group photo of me and my brother Nan Lutong.

Cheng Yenan said to Nanyangsheng: Do you know the old Chinese doctor Chai Jianhua? He has also seen this photo and confirmed that Nan Lutong in the photo is the husband of He Jiafu's adopted daughter He Zhongmiao.

Nan Yangsheng sighed: I don't know where my biological father and mother are now?