Interesting anecdotes about ancient celebrities reciting poems and writing couplets

 

Interesting anecdotes about ancient celebrities reciting poems and writing couplets

 

Su Dongpo spent the Spring Festival in exile in his later years

 

In the first year of Shaosheng (1094), Su Shi, who was in his sixties, was demoted to Huizhou by his former student and current emperor Zhezong. He stayed in Dayuling in September and arrived in Huizhou in October. Two months later, Su Shi spent his first Spring Festival in Huizhou.

Looking back on the past, the old man Dongpo could not help but feel sentimental: "The year before last, he served on a jade chariot and carried thousands of lanterns at the door. ... The tooth flag passed through the night market, and the iron horse rang on the spring ice. This year, on the rivers and seas, the cloud house sent the mountain monk. I also raised the tuition fee again, and the pine tree See the layers in between.”

Last year, he was still accompanying the jade chariot, what an honor. But this year's Spring Festival, he was wandering on the rivers and seas, a mountain monk living in a Zen room. Although there are tuition fees to pay, all I can see are layers of pine wood, and layers of pine wood. As Ji Yun commented: "The two are incompatible with each other, without saying a word, and they express deep feelings."

In the third year after he was demoted to Huizhou, Dongpo composed "Five New Year's Poems" in one go.

One:

The dawn rain darkens the sun, and the spring sorrow lasts until the end of the year.

Picking vegetables and cooking them in the water, the smoke wets Luomei Village.

All the people in the small city died, and the lonely boat was overturned by cranes.

It's still comforting to be lonely, and the fishing fires mess up the river village.

 

Just when Dongpo was about to die in Huizhou, in April of the fourth year of Shaosheng (1097), Dongpo, who was in his sixties, was demoted to Hainan again. Just because Dongpo wrote the poem "Reporting that the gentleman slept beautifully in spring, and the Taoist gently struck the clock at five o'clock" ("Zongbi"), the rulers were unhappy, saying that Su Zizhan was still so happy? Therefore, based on the word "zhan" of Zizhan, he removed his eyes and demoted Danzhou. However, someone divined and said that there was someone with the character Dan, and it would be fine for him to see. In the fifth year of Shaosheng's reign, Dongpo spent his first Spring Festival in Danzhou, Hainan.

During the Lantern Festival, the local governor of Danzhou, in order to express his respect for the old man Dongpo, invited Su Guo, who accompanied Nai's father to cross the sea, to spend the festival together. The three women who were destined to be with Su Shi had all passed away at this time. Wang Chaoyun, who accompanied Su Shi, also died in Huizhou. This time, only his son Su Guo accompanied him when he crossed the sea. Now, Su Guo was also invited to celebrate the Yuan Dynasty, and only old man Dongpo spent this first Spring Festival alone after being relegated overseas.

He quietly stared at the lone moon. When the moonlight shone in, he was surprised to find a lizard hanging on the window: "Quietly look at the lizard on the window plate." This is rarely seen in the Central Plains area of ​​Lingbei. This phenomenon made Su Shi feel more clearly that he was in a foreign land, thousands of miles away.

The old man Dongpo sat alone and stared at the lizards outside the window. What was he thinking? He might be looking forward to thinking about his son Su Guo. "When the lanterns and flowers are gone, I am still dreaming. When the incense and seals are gone, you want to return." (ibid.), Loneliness His state of mind was vividly reflected on the page, and he may have thought a lot, recalling his rough life: "Ten years of bleak history"!

In the first month of the third year of Yuanfu (1100), Su Shi spent the second Spring Festival in Hainan. He wrote "The Gengchen Sui Renri Composition" on Renri. At that time, I heard that the Yellow River had returned to the north. The old ministers had discussed this before, and here are the words. "Naixian, Two Poems", it can be seen from the title of the poem that in the Spring Festival of this twilight year, what the old man Dongpo misses and thinks about is the affairs of the country.

During the Northern Song Dynasty, the problem of the Yellow River bursting had always troubled the imperial court. During the Shenzong period, some courtiers ignored the fact that the Yellow River's "eastward course has been filled with silt and cannot be restored" and the law that "it is the nature of water to flow down", and they must "return to the eastward flow of the river". , "The battle was prosperous", Su Shi was serving as a minister at the time, and he criticized: "The Yellow River flows northward, but when it is strong, it flows eastward", which was "hated by those who were in charge of the axis". This incident is strikingly similar to some modern events that violate the laws of nature.

Su Shi said in this poem: "When I grow old, I still live in the village across the sea, and I often see my grandson who is a poet in my dreams. I have become accustomed to meeting people at the end of the world, and I am still happy to pass through the gate of hell on my way back. I have thought about Jia Rang for three strategies, but my lonely loyalty has not been forgiven. Yu Fan. I bought the rice from He Yuan left over from the official clothes, and I used the new handicraft to make it into the Yuan Dynasty." (Part 1) He said that he still lives alone in Hai Village in his old age, and only in dreams can he meet the poet Sun Su Fu in mainland China. meeting. I can’t remember how many days I spent at the ends of the earth. If I were to return to the mainland, I would happily pass through the gate of hell. ("Landscape Chronicles": "There are ghost gates in Rong and Laozhou in Guangxi. The proverb goes: If you go through the ghost gate, you will never come back nine times out of ten. It is said that there is a lot of inflammation and miasma.") I, like Jia Rang, have implemented the three strategies, which proves that Correct, but I am just like Yu Fan, one of Sun Quan's subordinates who died in Jiaozhou because of his uprightness ("Three Kingdoms": Yu Fan was outspoken by nature and had drunkenness for several times. Sun Quan was angry and let Jiaozhou go. He stayed in the south for more than ten years. Death.) That will not be forgiven. Hainan rice is expensive, so I can only pawn off my clothes to buy rice shipped from Heyuan, Huizhou. I calculated on my fingers, the newly filtered wine can probably be used until the Lantern Festival!

Five months later, Su Shi finally returned to the mainland. In the first month of the first year of the founding of the People's Republic of China by Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty (1101), Su Shi spent the last Spring Festival in his life when he was on his way back to the north.

At this time, the old man Dongpo was famous all over the world, not only because of the spread of his poems, but also for his magnanimity and demeanor, as well as the fact that an old man in his sixties could survive being relegated to the barbaric and savage land of Hainan. This cannot but be said to be a miracle. .

On the way back to the north from the east slope, there was a spectacle of empty streets: "I found two poles of dragon light bamboo, and held them to the north of the mountain to see thousands of people." ("The layman on the east slope passed the dragon light and asked for the big bamboo to make a shoulder cart...") East Slope Poe also said proudly: "Weng Weng lived on Dayu Ridge and saw several migrations to the south" ("To the Old Man on the Ridge") "A drop of Caoxi water in the bamboo rises up to the eighteenth beach of the Xijiang River" ("Dongpo") The layman passed the dragon's light and asked for the big bamboo to make a shoulder cart..."), these two philosophical and meditative poems written by the old man Dongpo in the last Spring Festival of his life seem to be the last words that future generations will ponder forever!

 

Wang Xizhi's Spring Festival Prevention "Theft" Coupon

 

According to legend, in the twelfth lunar month of a certain year, Wang Xizhi, the great calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, moved from Shandong to Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

As the Spring Festival was approaching, Wang Xizhi wrote a couplet:

 

Spring breeze, spring rain, spring scenery

New Year, New Year, New Scenery

 

Wang Xizhi asked his son to stick to the door. Unexpectedly, as soon as it was posted, it was quietly removed.

Wang Xizhi had no choice but to write another couplet:

 

Orioles singing in Beili

Yan language south neighbor

 

Wang Xizhi asked his son to post it, but it was "stolen" by a local calligraphy enthusiast who loved his handwriting.

It's almost the holiday, but the door is still empty. Wang Xizhi's wife was very anxious. Wang Xizhi thought for a moment, took the pen and ink with a smile, and wrote another couplet. After writing it, he asked his son to cut the couplets at the waist and paste half of them on each side:

 

Unparalleled blessings

Misfortunes never come singly

 

After these two "half-couplets" were posted, no one came to reveal them again.

At dawn on the first day of the Lunar New Year, Wang Xizhi personally pasted the second half of the Spring Festival couplets below, and the result was:

 

Unparalleled blessings are coming to this day

Misfortune never comes alone last night

 

The neighbors in the street saw it and all praised it.