Wake up（322）

 

322

 

Old Pan sighed and said to Nan Yangsheng:

According to incomplete statistics, from 1978 to the end of 1982, more than 3 million cadres were rehabilitated across the country, more than 470,000 members of the Communist Party were restored to their party membership, and tens of millions of innocent cadres and the public were rehabilitated. relief. What kind of moral courage and historical responsibility do we need to bring order out of chaos on such a large scale, peacefully fight against unjust, false and wrong cases, achieve historic reconciliation with all sectors of society, and almost rebuild the social foundation of the country?

The poet Shao Yanxiang, who was once labeled as a "rightist", looked back at this era and said with infinite emotion: "Young people under the age of 20 at that time, and the next generation who grew up later, would not be able to live in the same way as witnesses and witnesses. After the word 'rehabilitation', I read so many vicissitudes, so many blood and tears, so many contests between justice and evil, defenders of humanitarianism and defenders of the ultra-left line!"

In the late period of the "Cultural Revolution", Deng Xiaoping rectified the persecution by the "Gang of Four", Liu Bing, the former deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Tsinghua University, said: The issue of strengthening democracy and the legal system raised at the Central Plenary Session is of great significance. If a party or a country does not have democracy and the rule of law, its life will be suffocated, and the party and country will perish. Adhering to the principle of seeking truth from facts and correcting mistakes is a manifestation of our party's strength.

The old writer Ba Jin began to write "Capricious Thoughts" quietly in his Shanghai apartment at the end of 1978. Ba Jin, who lost his beloved wife Xiao Shan during the "Cultural Revolution", transcended personal sufferings and severely dissected his decades of political history. During the movement, he was the first to propose the establishment of a "Cultural Revolution Museum" to think about how to prevent such a tragedy from happening again. While the entire country is rectifying its history up and down, people of insight within the system have looked to the world for the future.

Old Pan sighed:

In order to rehabilitate more unjust cases, Hu Yaobang has been charging at the front, and almost all the veteran cadres are behind.

In 1978, the work of "rehabilitation and policy implementation" that set off a climax not only cleared the wrongdoings of party, government and military leaders such as Liu Shaoqi, Peng Dehuai, and the "61 Traitor Group", but also brought a large number of ordinary party members and ordinary people to the sky again:

——"Correct" 550,000 "rightists", restore public office for 270,000 of them who lost their public office, and re-arrange work or resettle their lives. In addition, policies were implemented for 315,000 people and their relatives classified as "center-right elements" and "anti-socialist elements."

——The “four types of elements” (landlords, rich peasants, counter-revolutionaries, and bad elements) since the “land reform” will all be removed from their hats, and their children will no longer be regarded as landlords, rich peasants and other family backgrounds. This means that the tens of millions of citizens across the country and their hundreds of millions of relatives are no longer relegated to "untouchables" and classified into separate registers. In rural areas alone, more than 4.4 million people have been stripped of their titles of landlords and rich peasants.

——Restore the status of "workers" to 710,000 small businessmen, peddlers, and small handicraftsmen across the country, and no longer be regarded as bourgeois industrialists and businessmen.

——Refund the confiscated deposits for the capitalists, restore the high salaries that have been deducted, and return the occupied private houses. The former industrial and commercial people are treated equally with cadres and workers politically.

——Implement policies for the 400,000 Kuomintang rebels and defectors, leniently release the party, military and government special personnel below the county regiment of the Kuomintang, and implement policies for mainland family members of those who have gone to Taiwan.

——Removing hats for "local nationalists" such as Ulanhu and the "Insider Party", and for Tibetan leaders Cui Ke Dhondup Tsering, Sangpo Tsekwang Rinzeng, Jiangcuolin Tubden Gesang, Bangda Dorje and others were rehabilitated, and those who "participated in the rebellion" in Tibet in 1959 were leniently dealt with, their citizenship rights were restored, and they were not discriminated against politically.

——Organized a review of the 10,402 people who were sentenced to death for "counter-revolutionary crimes" during the "Cultural Revolution", as well as those who were executed for other serious crimes. It was found that the situation of wrongful killing was quite serious, and they were corrected, sentenced and rehabilitated.

This set of data will be remembered by history.

Among these astonishing figures, some people questioned that Hu Yaobang corrected too much. Regarding this, Hu Yaobang immediately asked: Why didn't you think there were too many when you were arrested?

  It is Hu Yaobang's morality, courage and historical responsibility that have brought about earth-shaking changes in just a few years.

According to an article reminiscent of State Council Vice Premier Gu Mu published in Beijing Daily on December 25, 2008, in May and June 1978, he led a delegation to visit Western Europe and was shocked by the technological progress and industrial and commercial development of capitalism. There are some new changes in the economic operation of these countries, the government’s economic regulation and handling of social conflicts, workers’ wages and living welfare conditions. Those are old concepts."

After Gu Mu returned to China, leading comrades of the Party Central Committee and the State Council listened to his report and opened from 3:30 p.m. to 11 p.m. Chaired by Chairman Hua Guofeng, Ye Shuai, Nie Shuai, Li Xiannian, Wu Lanfu, Wang Zhen and others all attended. Gu Mu said that our country must honestly admit that it is backward, and that there is a big gap between it and the world's advanced level. How can we catch up with the advanced international level, how can we carry out modernization, and how can we make things faster? A very important one is to pay close attention to the introduction, digestion and absorption of advanced technology.

Ye Jianying emphasized: We have not fought wars with Western Europe for decades. They want China to become a stable force in the world. We need their advanced technology. They have excess funds and need to find a market for technology. The focus of technology introduction should be placed on Western Europe. Nie Shuai said: In the past, our propaganda to the West was one-sided and hypocritical, which in turn restrained ourselves. Gu Mu's investigation this time is relatively comprehensive, so it should be finalized! Stop talking!

When Vice Premier Wang Zhen visited the UK later, he was very surprised to hear that most workers, staff and intellectuals in the UK, accounting for about 70% of the country's population, have private houses and cars and can travel abroad every year.

In my opinion, "the three major differences are basically eliminated in the UK...if we add the Communist Party in power, it will be our ideal communist society".

In September of this year, Deng Xiaoping returned from his visit to North Korea and said to the Northeast local officials: "The world is changing every day... It must be managed in accordance with international advanced management methods, advanced business methods, and advanced quotas, that is, according to economic laws. Manage the economy." Deng Xiaoping emphasized that we must "go out" and learn from the world's advanced experience... If you want to visit developed countries, you should see how they do it. We didn't know many things about foreign countries in the past. This is the "Northern Talk" that is not as famous as the "Southern Talk" in 1992. Deng Xiaoping said emotionally: "We are too poor and too backward. To be honest, I am sorry for the people. ""We are a socialist country... If the development of productive forces is slower than capitalism, then there is no advantage. This is the biggest politics." "We should pay attention to foreigners talking about how long the Chinese can endure." We have to think about it, how many things have we done for the people? We must accelerate the development of productive forces according to the current favorable conditions, so that the people's material life will be better, and the people's cultural life and spiritual outlook will be better. "

In 1978, the American "Time" magazine named Deng Xiaoping as the man of the year in the world, and the cover title was "Deng Xiaoping, a dreamer of a new China". Recommendation: Deng Xiaoping opened the door of the "Middle Kingdom" to the world.

Just as the People's Daily, Red Flag Magazine, and People's Liberation Army Daily's "Two Newspapers and One Magazine" editorials boldly declared in 1978: "The ice has been broken and the waterway has been opened."

At the end of this year, "People's Daily" expressed emotion: With the deepening of the discussion that practice is the only criterion for testing truth, the people dared to raise opinions and speak out, forming a lively, stable and united situation. We should cherish this situation very much. A revolutionary political party is afraid of not being able to hear the voice of the people, the most frightening thing is being silent.

Lao Pantou said to Nan Yangsheng: Civil turmoil in the ten years of the Cultural Revolution, the country suffered, and the people suffered. Such history cannot repeat itself.