Wake up（308）

 

308

 

China's post-00s have never experienced the Mao era, nor have they experienced the Deng era. When talking about these two eras in their youth, it is very similar to the post-50s talking about the Republic of China, with more curiosity and nostalgia.

Although Xiao Kongming and Li Si are born in the 00s, when talking about the historical stories of the two eras of Mao and Deng, they are far more than many born in the 50s, 60s, 70s, 80s, and 90s.

Li Si said:

Mao Zedong is the most ambitious and scheming person in history. His ambition far exceeds that of any emperor. He once ordered Xinhua News Agency to control the earth. He once destroyed the entire old world. The Cultural Revolution he launched is unprecedented and unprecedented. Those who want to start version 2.0 of the Cultural Revolution are at best ignorant elementary school students in the Cultural Revolution. His tactic is to carry out class struggle in the name of the people, to clean up the poisonous snakes sleeping around him, first to lure the snake out of the hole, and then to beat the snake seven inches, which is the key to defeating any opponent. It was the same for Peng Dehuai, it was the same for Liu Shaoqi, it was the same for Lin Biao, and it was the same for Deng Xiaoping.

Deng Xiaoping and Mao Zedong are two melons on the same vine. The difference lies in the difference between a big melon and a small melon. The big melon is on the top, and the small melon is below. The small melon dare not compete with the big melon for sunlight and air, and stays at the bottom and does not offend the top. Small melons are always covered by melon leaves, hidden but not exposed, keeping a low profile and hiding their bodies. If the big melon is about to fall to the ground, the small melon will grab the nutrients and take advantage of the momentum to grow stronger.

Li Si said: The events in 1975 and the spring of 1976 recorded in "Deng Xiaoping Chronicle" involve the relationship between Deng Xiaoping and Mao Zedong, which is very intriguing. Because it records the evolution from criticizing Jiang Qing to criticizing Deng Xiaoping.

Late at night on May 3, 1975, Deng Xiaoping went to Mao Zedong's residence to attend a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee convened by Mao Zedong.

Mao Zedong said: I think those who criticize empiricism are themselves empiricists. You only hate empiricism, not dogmatism. Don't engage in the "Gang of Four", you don't want to engage in it, why do you still engage in it? Why not engage in unity with the more than 200 members of the Central Committee? It is not good to engage a small number of people, and it has always been bad. This time there are still three points, which are Marxism-Leninism and no revision, unity and no division, integrity and no conspiracy, that is, no sectarianism.

The three things that Lao Mao said are not clearly referring to Jiang Qing and the others. "Malaysia-Leninism should not be revised", this is the most important point, it is definitely not about Jiang Qing, it is about Zhou Enlai, and it is also a warning to Deng Xiaoping. The second article, "Unity and not division", can be understood as referring to Jiang Qing, but it can also be understood as referring to Deng Xiaoping and Ye Jianying. The third article, "Be open and aboveboard and not engage in conspiracies and tricks", seems to be referring to Jiang Qing and others, but it is more like pointing to Deng Xiaoping and others. This is how Wang Hongwen reported to Lao Mao that Deng and Ye criticized Jiang, pointing out that "the situation is completely dark", "in fact, it is the President's wish to say something that is not easy to say, let Ye and Deng say it." Besides, I have never heard of it. Old Mao criticized Jiang Qing for his conspiracy! Lao Mao's criticism of the "Gang of Four" is also a creative work created by the official media after Lao Mao's death.

Mao Zedong once said: I don't think the problem is big, so don't make a fuss about it, but if there is a problem, you must explain it clearly. If it cannot be resolved in the first half of the year, it will be resolved in the second half; if it cannot be resolved this year, it will be resolved next year; if it cannot be resolved next year, it will be resolved in the year after.

This is Lao Mao's answer and conclusion to Deng Xiaoping's accusation against Jiang Qing. When people read this passage, they often ignore the first two sentences: "I don't think the problem is big, don't make a big deal out of it." This is what Lao Mao emphasized, and it already has the meaning of accusation. I don't know if Deng Xiaoping really can't hear it or if he can't hear it! Then Lao Mao said, "But if there is a problem, we must explain it clearly", emphasizing "speak clearly." Afterwards, he continued to say "it cannot be solved in the first half of the year," obviously not to "solve" Jiang Qing or Jiang Qing's problem, but to continue the previous sentence of "the problem must be clarified." And when it comes to "it can't be solved next year, it will be solved the next year", which shows that in Lao Mao's view, it is not a problem that needs to be solved urgently, or it is not a problem at all. It is obvious that this passage was later distorted by Hua Guofeng, Deng Xiaoping, and official history.

Li Si listed the timetable at that time:

On the evening of May 4, 1975, Deng Xiaoping attended the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, checked the content of Mao Zedong's speech on May 3, and studied the convening of a meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee to implement the spirit of Mao Zedong's speech and how to convey Mao Zedong's instructions on April 23.

On the evening of May 8, 1975, he attended the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and continued the discussion. The meeting agreed to hold a plenary meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee after Deng Xiaoping returned from his visit to France.

Deng Xiaoping visited France by special plane on the morning of May 12, and on the morning of May 18

Return to Beijing. On the morning of May 19, Deng Xiaoping attended the 13th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China and listened to the work reports of the National Defense Science and Technology Commission and the Seventh Ministry of Machinery. This was Deng Xiaoping's second day back from France. He returned to Beijing in the morning on the first day and visited Zhou Enlai in the hospital in the afternoon.

Later, Deng Xiaoping said: We should not only mention socialism, but also patriotism. If you don’t have socialist awareness, you should at least have some patriotism. Some people don't even have patriotism, so what kind of socialism are they doing?

Deng Xiaoping was criticizing those who only focus on revolution and not production, and it was a response to Jiang Qing's criticism of empiricism. He said: When you go back and pass it on, just say that I said this. It's nothing more than being knocked down, and if you want to beat me down, beat me. Deng Xiaoping was obviously emotional, and he didn't just say it to Jiang Qing and the others, because only Lao Mao could defeat him.

On the morning of May 21, 1975, Deng Xiaoping presided over the working meeting of the State Council to discuss the documents of the National Iron and Steel Industry Symposium. He pointed out at the meeting: Socialist construction cannot do without production and science and technology. Our emphasis on labor productivity and science and technology cannot be regarded as "productivity-only theory". If we don't talk about these things, can we still talk about the general socialist line? Deng Xiaoping brought up the general line to suppress and criticize the productivity-only theorists, as if he was using his own way to deal with his own body!

On May 27, 1975, Deng Xiaoping presided over a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to discuss the implementation of the spirit of Mao Zedong's May 3 speech and criticize Jiang Qing and others. Point out: Chairman's speech is very important to our party, because the chairman spoke to the Politburo. The chairman proposed that the Politburo be stable and united, "three things are necessary and three things are not" and contacted to criticize sectarianism. This is a very important issue of principle that needs to be discussed carefully. When talking about the criticism of Jiang Qing and others at the Politburo meeting of the Central Committee on April 27, he pointed out: Some people said that the speech at this meeting was too much, and some people said it was a surprise attack and siege. In fact, 40% is not mentioned, and it is difficult to say whether there is 40%.

Deng Xiaoping's remarks are exaggerated, and he is using a big hat to suppress Jiang Qing and others. I don't know why Deng Xiaoping, who is used to keeping a low profile, couldn't bear it anymore.

Because Lao Mao said in his speech on May 3, "I don't think the problem is big, don't make a big deal out of it." Deng Xiaoping did not accept Lao Mao's warning, and now he is "making a big deal out of a molehill." Therefore, there is no question of "surprise attack" or "excessive". It is nothing more than talking about line struggles in history, which is nothing wrong. Here are three things that need to be clarified: first, the "11th Line Struggle" was proposed at the November meeting of the year before last; Instead, I have to ask, why? It's no good if you don't explain clearly.

Deng Xiaoping's tone is strong enough! A clean, questioning tone! At the meeting, Wu De, Li Xiannian, Chen Xilian, etc. also spoke successively, criticizing the sectarian activities of the "Gang of Four". Good guy, Wu De and Chen Xilian also turned around, and Deng Xiaoping walked ahead of Jiang Qing.

On the evening of May 29, 1975, Deng Xiaoping attended the Iron and Steel Industry Symposium held by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In his speech, he put forward the idea of "three instructions as the key link" for the first time. One is about theoretical issues, to oppose and prevent revisionism, another is about stability and unity, and the third is about boosting the national economy. These three important instructions are the guidelines for our various tasks in the period to come. Some people called my speech at the National Conference of Industry Secretaries in March this year a "restoration programme."

When did Mao Zedong put forward the "Three Directives"? How did Deng Xiaoping come up with these three items?

In late May 1975, Deng Xiaoping read Zhou Enlai's letter to all members of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. Zhou Enlai wrote in the letter: "Comrade Xiaoping also said that what he asked the chairman for advice was Comrade Chunqiao's speech at the symposium of directors of major units held by the General Political Department on March 1." In fact, Deng Xiaoping commented next to this passage: "It was also mentioned that Comrade Jiang Qing formally raised this issue at the Politburo meeting." But Zhou Enlai deliberately omitted Jiang Qing, and Deng Xiaoping wanted to point her out. How would Mao Zedong feel after reading it? ?

On June 3, 1975, Ye Jianying made a long speech on the "three things" raised by Deng Xiaoping in his speech on May 27, continuing to criticize and question Jiang Qing and others. Under the circumstances that members of the Politburo concentrated on criticizing the "Gang of Four", Wang Hongwen and Jiang Qing were forced to conduct some self-criticism at the meeting. Deng Xiaoping said: What is said is what is said, and the meeting of the Politburo should be reported to the chairman.

Deng Xiaoping took advantage of Lao Mao's instructions on April 23 and his speech on May 3 to launch a continuous criticism campaign against Jiang Qing and others, especially his speech, which made people see his spirit of "breaking the boat". Deng Xiaoping could not have imagined that he was actually offending Lao Mao by doing so. After contacting Lao Mao and finally counterattacking, Deng Xiaoping appeared like a "bear". How can he explain his current trip and actions? Does the little melon want to replace the big melon and monopolize the vines?

Early June 1975. Jiang Qing went to Deng Xiaoping's home to talk. Deng Xiaoping later said: Jiang Qing came to me, Chairman Mao asked her to come, she dared not not come. The conversation is not good, she blows her way, the level is not high.

Who knows why Lao Mao would ask Jiang Qing to find Deng Xiaoping? If it is Lao Mao's claim, then why "the talk is not good, she blows her tricks"? It shows that Jiang Qing didn't come to admit her mistakes, she still insisted on her own way.

On the afternoon of June 7, 1975, Deng Xiaoping, after accompanying Mao Zedong to meet Marcos, reported to Mao Zedong the Politburo's criticism of Jiang Qing and others, and reflected that they still denied the existence of the "Gang of Four" until the end. Mao Zedong affirmed that this meeting of the Politburo had achieved results and cleared up the problem.

As early as May 3, Lao Mao said at the Politburo meeting: "I don't think the problem is big, so don't make a big deal out of it. But if there is a problem, we must explain it clearly." It is still the same meaning to say "open the problem" now; it cannot be understood as an affirmation of Deng Xiaoping's criticism struggle against Jiang Qing.

Mao Zedong also pointed out that the Politburo's wind direction is about to turn, and hoped that Deng Xiaoping would get the job done.

"The wind is about to turn", what do you mean? When Deng Xiaoping was asked to do his work, what kind of work was he referring to? Ordinary people may not understand what Lao Mao means.

Deng Xiaoping said to Mao Zedong: In this regard, I still have determination. But why Deng Xiaoping's words were so boring, it can be seen that Deng Xiaoping has recognized Mao's voice.

Prior to this, Jiang Qing reported to Mao Zedong that the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held a meeting to "siege" her.

That night, Deng Xiaoping, Wang Hairong, and Tang Wensheng went to the 305 Hospital to have a long talk with Zhou Enlai. Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping asked Wang Hairong and Tang Wensheng to report to Mao Zedong about the Politburo meeting to criticize the "Gang of Four".

Zhou Enlai wrote that when Deng Xiaoping met Lao Mao, he had already reported all the situation of the criticism meeting to Lao Mao? Why do you still have to entrust Wang Hairong and Tang Wensheng to report to Lao Mao? It seems to show that Zhou and Deng's report did not get a clear response from Lao Mao.

But Deng Xiaoping did not stop there.

On the afternoon of June 12, 1975, Deng Xiaoping talked with Ma Tianshui in Shanghai.

Deng Xiaoping said: The Chairman recently gave new instructions on empiricism and dogmatism, did you hear that? You criticize empiricism here is very fierce. Think about it, who is the representative of empiricism in the central government? Who are the provincial and municipal representatives? To continue to develop, we need to find representatives. Have you read Comrade Chunqiao's speech at the Political Industry Conference? There are a group of empiricists in it! Let me tell you, because you are in charge of the work in Shanghai, you should pay attention to such important events.

Deng Xiaoping seemed to be coercing a confession, and it was close to inducing a confession: Veteran cadres dared to seize some jobs at the beginning, so who would dare to arrest such a group? With such a large population in China, how can the national economy fail to thrive? We must get on it. Criticizing the "productivity-only theory", who dares to focus on production? Now say everything is bourgeois right. Is it right to pay more for more work? Is it also called bourgeois legal rights? What should be used as a driving force for production?

In fact, criticizing bourgeois legal rights in connection with reality is exactly Lao Mao's meaning and Lao Mao's thinking.

After Deng Xiaoping talked with Ma Tianshui, Ma Tianshui immediately told Wang Hongwen and Yao Wenyuan about the situation. Later, at the request of Wang Hongwen, Ma Tianshui organized the conversation between Deng Xiaoping and him into written materials and reported it to Wang Hongwen.

Apparently, Deng Xiaoping's coercion, lure and persuasion did not impress the "veteran cadre" Ma Tianshui. He not only informed Wang and Yao of the content of the conversation, but also wrote black and white materials to Wang Hongwen, determined to put "treasure" on the side of the "Gang of Four" . This also shows that Ma Tianshui has more or less learned of the "strategic deployment" of the supreme commander Lao Mao, and Wang Hongwen's actions also prove Lao Mao's approach.

Under Deng Xiaoping's pressure, Jiang Qing wrote a self-criticism on Mao Zedong's many criticisms since 1974. On June 30, 1975, Zhou Enlai approved the review written by Jiang Qing to members of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee in Beijing, welcomed the review, and suggested that the review be sent to Mao Zedong for review. Zhou Enlai is a person who knows the current affairs best.

At the end of June or early July 1975, Deng Xiaoping, Ye Jianying and others circulated Jiang Qing's review, which was forwarded by Zhou Enlai. After reading, comment "Agree to the Prime Minister's suggestion". The scheming Mao Zedong circled the document calmly. But there is no comment.

On July 1, 1975, at 2 o'clock in the morning, Ye Jianying wrote to Mao Zedong about the election of the chairperson of the Political Bureau meeting of the CPC Central Committee: "Because I am old and sick, I am exhausted, so I suggest that Comrade Deng Xiaoping be invited to chair the meeting, so as to benefit the work of the party. .”

Mao Zedong immediately commented: "Agreed."

At that time, Wang Hongwen was the host of the Political Bureau meeting of the CPC Central Committee. When Wang Hongwen went to Zhejiang and Shanghai to help with his work, he proposed to Mao Zedong that Ye Jianying or Deng Xiaoping should chair the Politburo meeting while he was away from Beijing. In fact, Ye Jianying is just a tricky old man. He thought over and over and wondered if there was any mystery during the period. So at 2 o'clock in the morning, the decision to avoid disaster was made.

Li Si said to his friends:

Deng Xiaoping, who was good at keeping a low profile and accumulating a lot of political power, actually challenged his political opponents openly, so much so that he challenged Mao's thinking. Compared with Ye Jianying, he seemed a little too immature.

Lao Mao's usual method of "leading the snake out of the hole" is a surefire way to deal with people like Deng Xiaoping. The relationship between Lao Mao and Deng Xiaoping is by no means as simple as enmity.

In fact, Lao Mao had already set a trap for Deng Xiaoping. Is Deng Buping, who is good at keeping a low profile, capable of accepting the move?