Wake up（320）

 

320

 

Old Pantou said to Nan Yangsheng: After the death of Mao Zedong, who can continue to write the future and outline China's tomorrow with intermittent pens? Deng Xiaoping, who once vowed to "never reverse the case", used his low-key strategy to come back for the third time and drove Hua Guofeng and Wang Dongxing out of the political arena.

Old Pantou said:

Zhongnanhai had just resolved the Gang of Four and Mao Yuanxin. Hua Guofeng and Wang Dongxing immediately summoned members of the Politburo in Beijing and rushed to Yuquan Mountain to hold a Politburo meeting to announce the central government's action. That is to say, after arresting the Gang of Four, Ye Jianying did not dare to go to Zhongnanhai. He was afraid that Hua Guofeng and Wang Dongxing would stage another palace coup. Therefore, only when Hua Guofeng, Wang Dongxing and others obediently accepted his threat of force did he announce the news to the members of the Politburo with confidence.

The official said that Ye Jianying and Hua Guofeng sat in Huairen Hall in Zhongnanhai and announced to their faces that the Gang of Four would be quarantined and inspected. Then why did they not go to Huairen Hall to hold a Politburo meeting in Yuquan Mountain after arresting the Gang of Four?

Members of the Politburo walked into the conference room ignorantly in their sleep, and found themselves surrounded by soldiers with live ammunition, staring at them with murderous looks, and were forced to raise their hands to agree to the just action of the central government.

Hua Guofeng, the first vice chairman of the Central Committee, knew his position and who the protagonist of this operation was. He sincerely recommended Ye Jianying, the fifth vice chairman of the Central Committee, as the chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, but Ye Jianying refused. Instead, he elected Hua Guofeng as the chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and everyone passed with thunderous applause under pressure at gunpoint.

This change of power was a completely illegal military coup. Because according to the provisions of the party constitution, the removal of a member of the Politburo must be voted at by the Central Committee and the Politburo meeting, and it will not take effect until the majority agrees. In addition, the Military Commission stipulates that the mobilization of troops must have a written order signed by the chairman and vice chairman of the Military Commission, and the general staff will issue it to the Shenyang Military Region.

Although Hua Guofeng is the first vice chairman of the Central Committee, he is not the vice chairman of the Military Commission or a member of the Standing Committee. He has no military power. Ye Jianying is the fifth vice chairman of the Central Committee and the second vice chairman of the Military Commission, but he also has no power to mobilize the army. What's more, Chen Xilian, a member of the Politburo, vice premier, and member of the Standing Committee of the Military Commission, presided over the work of the Military Commission, and Ye Jianying had already stepped aside.

But Chen Xilian did not know about the military preparations this time. On October 5, he was inspecting the earthquake situation in Tangshan. Hua Guofeng called him and told him to return to Beijing immediately. When he returned to Beijing at night, Hua Guofeng told him about it and asked him to verbally authorize Wu De and Wu Zhong in the Beijing garrison to mobilize troops in the garrison. In fact, Wu Zhong, the commander of the garrison, had already made preparations.

Chen Xilian is a sensible person. Although Mao Zedong promoted him to preside over the work of the Military Commission, he was asked to protect Jiang Qing and Mao Yuanxin, but he failed Mao Zedong's kindness at a critical moment and could only obediently carry out Hua Guofeng's orders.

Moreover, Ye Jianying and Li Desheng secretly mobilized 800 people from the Shenyang Military Region without going through Chen Xilian, who presided over the work of the Military Commission, and the political commissars of the General Staff and the Shenyang Military Region. In addition, the central government stipulates that the arrest of people by the Central Guard Group must be approved by the Chairman of the Central Committee and the Chairman of the Military Commission, and implemented by the Central Security Bureau. Therefore, it is also illegal for Wang Dongxing to mobilize the guards to arrest people. Because Hua Guofeng is only the first vice chairman of the Central Committee. That is to say, in this extraordinary period, no troops or guard regiments can mobilize troops, let alone arrest people.

It was only after Ye Jianying and Hua Guofeng arrested the Gang of Four that they forced the members of the Politburo to vote by showing their hands at the Politburo meeting, and the arrest decision was passed.

A few years later, Yao Yilin, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, publicly said something with a very unpredictable meaning: Wang Dongxing had no choice but to arrest the Gang of Four, because the power outside Zhongnanhai was already greater than that of the Central Guard Corps.

Today, when the truth of this period of history was finally revealed, Yao Yilin's subtext was fully revealed: this is, if Hua Guofeng and Wang Dongxing did not arrest the Gang of Four, they would be defeated by the military Ye Jianying together with the Gang of Four .

Therefore, without Ye Jianying, there would be no era of Deng Xiaoping. With Ye Jianying, Deng Xiaoping had a chance to make a comeback.

On October 10, Deng Xiaoping, who had been keeping a low profile for a while, seized the opportunity of the arrest of the Gang of Four and wrote a letter to Hua Guofeng through Wang Dongxing.

Deng Xiaoping wrote in the letter: "I wholeheartedly support the Central Committee's decision to appoint Comrade Hua Guofeng as the chairman of the Party Central Committee and the Chairman of the Military Commission. I applaud the great significance of this extremely important decision to the party and the cause of socialism. Not only in politics Ideologically, Comrade Hua Guofeng is the most suitable successor to Chairman Mao. In terms of age, the stability of the leadership of the proletariat can be guaranteed for at least fifteen or twenty years... The Party Central Committee headed by Comrade Guofeng I have defeated these villains and achieved a great victory... I am the same as the people of the whole country... I can't help shouting long live, long live, long live! I use this short message to express my sincere feelings. Chairman Hua is the leader Long live the Party Central Committee! Long live the great victory of the Party and the cause of socialism!"

Deng Xiaoping's approach seems to have repeated the routine he wrote to Mao Zedong back then.

But Hua Guofeng did not learn from Mao Zedong's forgiveness to Deng Xiaoping. He responded forcefully: "...you have made mistakes, and you must continue to accept criticism."

On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Notice on the Incidents of Wang Hongwen, Zhang Chunqiao, Jiang Qing, and Yao Wenyuan's Anti-Party Clique", requiring that all party members be conveyed to all party members Mao Zedong's series of instructions on criticizing the "Gang of Four", explaining the process of the Party Central Committee's struggle against the Gang of Four, and its response to the "Gang of Four". The reason why the Gang of Four implemented segregated inspections, and guided the launch of the "Exposing and Criticizing the Gang of Four Movement".

On October 21, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China publicized the smashing of the "Gang of Four" through radio and newspapers.

On October 24, millions of soldiers and civilians in Beijing solemnly held a celebration meeting in Tiananmen Square to celebrate the crushing of the "Gang of Four."

Hua Guofeng announced on October 26 that if he wanted to criticize the "Gang of Four" now, he could also criticize Deng.

After the Huairentang coup, Hua Guofeng, after controlling the situation, based on the power struggle and the need to implement the "Two Whatevers", continued to promote the campaign to criticize Deng and fight back against the right-leaning overthrow. Criticize Deng".

In December, when Hua Guofeng met with representatives of the Second Learning from Dazhai in Agriculture and the National Agricultural Conference, he said: "Although there were sharp contradictions between Deng Xiaoping and the 'Gang of Four' anti-Party clique, their essence was still revisionism. There is no essential difference between them. Both have various anti-Party, anti-socialist, anti-Mao Zedong Thought, and anti-Chairman Mao crimes. After overthrowing the 'Gang of Four', Deng Xiaoping cannot be spared."

The CCP official believes that "the 'Gang of Four' once controlled the position of public opinion for a long time, engaged in idealism, metaphysics, and formed cliques, which caused extremely bad influence in the party; if the crimes of the 'Gang of Four' were not completely liquidated and its gang was destroyed, there would be no Eliminate their influence in every way".

On December 10, 1976, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China released "Wang Hongwen, Zhang Chunqiao, Jiang Qing, and Yao Wenyuan's Evidence of Anti-Party Group Crimes (Part One)" to the whole party and the whole country.

In February 1977, Hua Guofeng supported the "People's Daily" in an editorial to formally put forward the "two whatevers" point of view, that is, "We will resolutely defend whatever decisions Chairman Mao makes; Follow it steadfastly."

On March 6, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Gang of Four" criminal evidence "Material No. 2" - "The Counter-Revolutionary Face of the "Gang of Four" and Its Criminal History".

On March 10, after the "Gang of Four" was overthrown, the first working conference of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. At the meeting, someone proposed that Deng Xiaoping resume work, which caused controversy.

On March 14, at the Central Working Conference, Hua Guofeng once again rejected Chen Yun and Wang Zhen's request for Deng Xiaoping to resume work, saying that if Deng Xiaoping were allowed to return, it would lead to the restoration of the "Gang of Four". However, at this time, a large number of military and veteran leaders headed by Ye Jianying expressed their support for Deng Xiaoping. Under such circumstances, Hua Guofeng was powerless to resist Deng Xiaoping's comeback.

On April 10, Deng Xiaoping wrote to Hua Guofeng for the second time, saying that he "fully supports Chairman Hua's policy of governing the country and his work arrangements for various current issues. ... There are indeed shortcomings and mistakes in the work. The great leader and mentor Chairman Mao once again expressed his sincere acceptance of my criticism and teachings....My personal work issues, what to do, and when to start working, completely follow the consideration and arrangement of the central government....We must From generation to generation, we have used the accurate and complete Mao Zedong Thought to guide our entire party, the entire army, and the people of the whole country... When the Party Central Committee decided that Comrade Hua Guofeng should be the chairman of the Party Central Committee and the Chairman of the Military Commission, I knew that Hua Guofeng was the leader. The Party Central Committee defeated the Gang of Four in the most courageous and correct way..."

On May 13, the "CCP Central Committee Document No. 15" forwarded two letters from Deng Xiaoping. The Politburo discussed the letter and agreed with Deng Xiaoping's proposal.

From July 16 to July 21, the Third Plenary Session of the Tenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing. On July 17, the Third Plenary Session of the Tenth Central Committee passed the "Resolution on Restoring Comrade Deng Xiaoping's Post". The meeting decided to restore Deng Xiaoping's positions as member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, member of the Standing Committee, vice chairman of the CPC Central Committee, vice chairman of the CPC Central Military Commission, vice premier of the State Council, and chief of staff of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (three deputy and one chief). This officially announced the end of the movement to criticize Deng and fight back against the Rightist trend of overturning verdicts.

When the national economy was on the verge of collapse, in July 1977, Deng Xiaoping came back for the third time and moved into the mansion in the rice grain depot alley.

But on the eve of Deng Xiaoping's comeback, Wang Dongxing raised objections many times to prevent Deng Gong from coming back.

In smashing the "Gang of Four", Wang Dongxing was the one who made a contribution. Because of this incident, he was reused by Hua Guofeng. Since then, Wang Dongxing has become Hua Guofeng's staunch supporter. Wang Dongxing believes that supporting Hua Guofeng is supporting Chairman Mao, because Hua Guofeng is the "successor" personally selected by Chairman Mao. For this reason, Wang Dongxing has never wanted Deng Xiaoping to come back.

However, Ye Jianying, Chen Yun and other old comrades all supported Deng Xiaoping's comeback, but they were unwilling to break up with Wang Dongxing because of this matter. Wang Dongxing did his duty in defending Chairman Mao for 30 years, and everyone saw it.

As Chairman Mao's "big bodyguard", Wang Dongxing has worked hard for 20 years and never dared to neglect for a moment. With his efforts, Chairman Mao encountered danger many times, but all of them were out of danger. .

Chairman Mao's safety is inseparable from Wang Dongxing's dedication, so even if Wang Dongxing stood on the opposite side of Deng Xiaoping's comeback, Ye Jianying did not want to take extreme measures. Therefore, Deng Xiaoping's comeback was delayed for a long time.

At that time, Deng Xiaoping's comeback was an inevitable choice of the times and a choice in line with public opinion. Even if Wang Dongxing, Chen Yonggui and others were to obstruct it, they could not be stopped.

After Deng Xiaoping came back, Wang Dongxing began to attack Deng Xiaoping intentionally or unintentionally. He believed that Deng Xiaoping didn't listen to Chairman Mao's words, and always felt that the decisions made by Deng Xiaoping were not in line with Chairman Mao's line.

On this issue, Deng Xiaoping stated several times: "I firmly support Chairman Mao, and I will firmly follow Chairman Mao's path, but in terms of policy methods, we need to conform to the trend of the times and issue new decision-making instructions." "Mao Zedong The core of the thought can be summed up in two points, the mass line and seeking truth from facts, and I think that as long as these two points are met, there is no violation of Chairman Mao’s line.”

In 1978, "Practice is the only criterion for testing truth" was published in the Central Party School and "Guangming Daily". Under the planning of Deng Xiaoping, Hu Yaobang and others, a nationwide discussion on the standard of truth was launched, completely defeating Hua Guofeng's two In general, control the situation.

On December 18, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing Jingxi Hotel. After this meeting, Deng Xiaoping replaced Hua Guofeng as the de facto supreme leader, and the exposing, criticizing and investigating campaign launched by Hua Guofeng since October 1976 also stopped after this meeting, and China entered the era of reform and opening up.

At a meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee in 1979, Wang Dongxing once again began to sing against Deng Xiaoping on the issue of "Liu Shaoqi's rehabilitation". His purpose was obviously to protect Chairman Mao's reputation.

Deng Xiaoping asked helplessly: "Comrade Wang Dongxing, why do you sing the opposite tune every time?"

"I don't think it's right to push common mistakes to a few people. We have to look at everything fairly." At a meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee in 1979, Wang Dongxing stood up and said.

Indeed, since Deng Xiaoping's comeback, Wang Dongxing's "opposition" has become the norm.

Having said that, Deng Xiaoping didn't dislike Wang Dongxing in his heart. He always wanted to win over Wang Dongxing and become a real good friend with Wang Dongxing.

In 1980, under the pressure of Chen Yun and others, Hua Guofeng resigned from the position of Premier of the State Council. As his supporter, Wang Dongxing also proposed to resign, but the central government did not agree to Wang Dongxing's resignation application.

Deng Xiaoping believed that Wang Dongxing was not hopeless, and had several conversations with Wang Dongxing in private, hoping that Wang Dongxing would change his old ideas and stop being old-fashioned. However, Wang Dongxing still couldn't understand Deng Xiaoping. Finally, under Wang Dongxing's strong request, the central government agreed to his resignation application.

At the same time, Chen Xilian, Ji Dengkui, Wu De, Chen Yonggui, and Wu Guixian were all forced to step down.

Deng Xiaoping's supporters Hu Yaobang, Wan Li, and Zhao Ziyang joined the Central Committee.

Lao Pantou said to Nanyang Sheng:

Recalling the past will only make us more depressed and helpless, it will give us a heartache feeling, no matter how beautiful the past is, it is the past after all. Every remembrance makes our heart ache. Because we can't find real joy and happiness in our memories of the past. The political struggles and power struggles at the top of China are very cruel.

Deng Xiaoping, who once wrote a letter to Mao Zedong and vowed to "never reverse the case", fully utilized his strategy of hiding and avoiding death. After Hua Guofeng took office, he tried the trick of keeping a low profile and writing a letter of loyalty to Hua Guofeng, but Hua Guofeng ignored him. Since then, Hua Guofeng, the successor designated by Mao Zedong, has become a thorn in Deng Xiaoping's side, and Wang Dongxing, who participated in planning to smash the "Gang of Four", has become a thorn in the flesh.

In a person's life, he can't get rid of too many memories. A person who has no memory, one might even say regret, is incomplete and, in a sense, a failure. And those who forget the past are doomed to repeat it.

With the support of Ye Jianying, Chen Yun, Wan Li, Hu Yaobang, Zhao Ziyang, etc., Deng Xiaoping successfully "reversed the verdict" and once again dominated the world. As a result, Hua Guofeng and Wang Dongxing withdrew from the Chinese political arena forever.

Memories of the history of smashing the "Gang of Four" may be beautiful or painful. Beautiful memories bring people infinite reverie, and the ten-year catastrophe of the Cultural Revolution is over; painful memories bring endless pain to people. The new dignitaries have taken it away, and the capitalist roaders are still leaving. The 2.0 version of the Cultural Revolution may be revived.

Old Pantou said: My memory will become an indelible scar in my brain. Nan Yangsheng was silent again. Memories are everywhere, like the wind everywhere; memories are everywhere, like the rain everywhere. China in the wind and rain will always set off turbulent waves. In Langjifeng High School, I am like a small boat, and it is difficult to wait for the calm.